मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-29, verse-30
तस्मिंस्तृप्ते नृयज्ञोत्थादृणान्मुच्येद् गृहाश्रमी ।
तस्माद् अदत्त्वा यो भुङ्क्ते स्वयं किल्विषभुङ्नरः ॥३०॥
तस्माद् अदत्त्वा यो भुङ्क्ते स्वयं किल्विषभुङ्नरः ॥३०॥
30. tasmiṃstṛpte nṛyajñotthādṛṇānmucyed gṛhāśramī .
tasmād adattvā yo bhuṅkte svayaṃ kilviṣabhuṅnaraḥ.
tasmād adattvā yo bhuṅkte svayaṃ kilviṣabhuṅnaraḥ.
30.
tasmin tṛpte nṛyajñotthāt ṛṇāt mucyet gṛhāśramī
tasmāt adattvā yaḥ bhuṅkte svayam kilviṣabhuk naraḥ
tasmāt adattvā yaḥ bhuṅkte svayam kilviṣabhuk naraḥ
30.
When that guest is satisfied, the householder (gṛhāśramī) is freed from the debt (ṛṇa) arising from the human ritual (nṛyajña). Therefore, any person (naraḥ) who eats without first giving (adattvā) himself partakes of sin (kilviṣabhuk).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that, when that
- तृप्ते (tṛpte) - satisfied, contented, pleased
- नृयज्ञोत्थात् (nṛyajñotthāt) - from that which arises from the human ritual (yajña)
- ऋणात् (ṛṇāt) - from debt
- मुच्येत् (mucyet) - one would be freed, one should be released
- गृहाश्रमी (gṛhāśramī) - a householder, one in the householder (āśrama) stage of life
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, for that reason
- अदत्त्वा (adattvā) - without having given
- यः (yaḥ) - who, which
- भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, enjoys, consumes
- स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself, personally
- किल्विषभुक् (kilviṣabhuk) - eater of sin, partaker of sin
- नरः (naraḥ) - a person, a man
Words meanings and morphology
तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that, when that
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun.
तृप्ते (tṛpte) - satisfied, contented, pleased
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of tṛpta
tṛpta - satisfied, contented, pleased
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root tṛp (4th class) 'to be satisfied'.
Root: tṛp (class 4)
Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.
नृयज्ञोत्थात् (nṛyajñotthāt) - from that which arises from the human ritual (yajña)
(adjective)
Ablative, masculine, singular of nṛyajñottha
nṛyajñottha - arising from the human ritual
Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛyajña+uttha)
- nṛyajña – human ritual, hospitality to humans
noun (masculine)
Compound of nṛ (man, human) and yajña (ritual). - uttha – arising, springing from, born from
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root sthā (1st class) 'to stand' with upasarga ut.
Prefix: ut
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'ṛṇāt'.
ऋणात् (ṛṇāt) - from debt
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of ṛṇa
ṛṇa - debt, obligation, duty
मुच्येत् (mucyet) - one would be freed, one should be released
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of muc
Root muc (6th class).
Root: muc (class 6)
Note: Intransitive usage: 'should be freed'.
गृहाश्रमी (gṛhāśramī) - a householder, one in the householder (āśrama) stage of life
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛhāśramin
gṛhāśramin - a householder, one belonging to the gṛhastha āśrama
Derived from gṛha (house) and āśramin (belonging to an āśrama).
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, for that reason
(pronoun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Used as a conjunctive adverb meaning 'therefore'.
अदत्त्वा (adattvā) - without having given
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Formed from root dā (3rd class) 'to give' with prefix 'a' (negation) and suffix -tvā.
Prefix: a
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Functions adverbially.
यः (yaḥ) - who, which
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, who, what
Relative pronoun.
भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, enjoys, consumes
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj
Root bhuj (7th class).
Root: bhuj (class 7)
स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself, personally
(indeclinable)
Reflexive adverb.
किल्विषभुक् (kilviṣabhuk) - eater of sin, partaker of sin
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kilviṣabhuj
kilviṣabhuj - eater of sin, partaker of evil
Compound type : tatpurusha (kilviṣa+bhuj)
- kilviṣa – sin, fault, evil
noun (neuter) - bhuj – eater, enjoyer, consumer
noun (masculine)
Agent noun
Derived from root bhuj (7th class) 'to eat, enjoy'.
Root: bhuj (class 7)
नरः (naraḥ) - a person, a man
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nara
nara - a man, a person, a human being