मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-29, verse-45
जामयश्च गुरुञ्चैव गृहस्थो विभवे सति ।
श्वभ्यश्च श्वपचेभ्यश्च वयोभ्यश्चावपेद् भुवि ॥४५॥
श्वभ्यश्च श्वपचेभ्यश्च वयोभ्यश्चावपेद् भुवि ॥४५॥
45. jāmayaśca guruñcaiva gṛhastho vibhave sati .
śvabhyaśca śvapacebhyaśca vayobhyaścāvaped bhuvi.
śvabhyaśca śvapacebhyaśca vayobhyaścāvaped bhuvi.
45.
jāmayaḥ ca gurum ca eva gṛhasthaḥ vibhave sati
śvabhyaḥ ca śvapachebhyaḥ ca vayobhyaḥ ca avapet bhuvi
śvabhyaḥ ca śvapachebhyaḥ ca vayobhyaḥ ca avapet bhuvi
45.
If he possesses resources, a householder should likewise honor his sisters or female relatives and his preceptor (guru). He should also cast (food) upon the ground for dogs, for outcasts, and for birds.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- जामयः (jāmayaḥ) - sisters, female relatives
- च (ca) - and
- गुरुम् (gurum) - preceptor (guru) (preceptor, teacher, revered one)
- च (ca) - and
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, also
- गृहस्थः (gṛhasthaḥ) - householder
- विभवे (vibhave) - in prosperity, in wealth, if resources exist
- सति (sati) - being, existing, if it exists
- श्वभ्यः (śvabhyaḥ) - to dogs
- च (ca) - and
- श्वपछेभ्यः (śvapachebhyaḥ) - to dog-cookers, to outcasts (caṇḍālas)
- च (ca) - and
- वयोभ्यः (vayobhyaḥ) - to birds
- च (ca) - and
- अवपेत् (avapet) - he should cast, he should throw down
- भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground, on the earth
Words meanings and morphology
जामयः (jāmayaḥ) - sisters, female relatives
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of jāmi
jāmi - sister, female relative, daughter-in-law
Root: jan
Note: Object of honoring.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
गुरुम् (gurum) - preceptor (guru) (preceptor, teacher, revered one)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of guru
guru - preceptor, teacher, heavy, venerable
Root: gṝ
Note: Object of honoring.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Used here for emphasis or inclusion.
गृहस्थः (gṛhasthaḥ) - householder
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛhastha
gṛhastha - householder, one residing in a house
Root: sthā
Note: Subject of the implied action and "avapet".
विभवे (vibhave) - in prosperity, in wealth, if resources exist
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of vibhava
vibhava - prosperity, wealth, power, might
Derived from 'vi-bhū' (to be powerful, to be rich)
Prefix: vi
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Part of locative absolute construction.
सति (sati) - being, existing, if it exists
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of sat
sat - existing, being, good, real
Present Active Participle
From verb root 'as' (to be), present participle.
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Part of locative absolute construction with 'vibhave', meaning "when there are resources."
श्वभ्यः (śvabhyaḥ) - to dogs
(noun)
Dative, masculine, plural of śvan
śvan - dog
Note: Indirect object of 'avapet'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
श्वपछेभ्यः (śvapachebhyaḥ) - to dog-cookers, to outcasts (caṇḍālas)
(noun)
Dative, masculine, plural of śvapaca
śvapaca - dog-cooker, outcast, caṇḍāla
Compound of 'śvan' (dog) and 'paca' (cook).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śvan+paca)
- śvan – dog
noun (masculine) - paca – cook, one who cooks
noun (masculine)
Derived from root 'pac' (to cook)
Root: pac (class 1)
Note: Indirect object of 'avapet'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
वयोभ्यः (vayobhyaḥ) - to birds
(noun)
Dative, neuter, plural of vayas
vayas - bird, age, vigor
Note: Indirect object of 'avapet'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
अवपेत् (avapet) - he should cast, he should throw down
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of avap
optative
Formed from 'ava-vap' (to throw down)
Prefix: ava
Root: vap (class 1)
Note: Prescribes an action for the householder.
भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground, on the earth
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of bhū
bhū - earth, ground, world
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Location of the action.