मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-26, verse-9
राजोवाच ।
क्रियमाणेऽसकृन्नाम्नि कथ्यतां हास्यकारणम् ।
विक्रान्तश्च सुबाहुश्च तथान्यः शत्रुमर्दनः ॥९॥
क्रियमाणेऽसकृन्नाम्नि कथ्यतां हास्यकारणम् ।
विक्रान्तश्च सुबाहुश्च तथान्यः शत्रुमर्दनः ॥९॥
9. rājovāca .
kriyamāṇe'sakṛnnāmni kathyatāṃ hāsyakāraṇam .
vikrāntaśca subāhuśca tathānyaḥ śatrumardanaḥ.
kriyamāṇe'sakṛnnāmni kathyatāṃ hāsyakāraṇam .
vikrāntaśca subāhuśca tathānyaḥ śatrumardanaḥ.
9.
rājā uvāca | kriyamāṇe asakṛt nāmni kathyatām hāsyakāraṇam
| vikrāntaḥ ca subāhuḥ ca tathā anyaḥ śatrumardanaḥ
| vikrāntaḥ ca subāhuḥ ca tathā anyaḥ śatrumardanaḥ
9.
The king said, "As names are repeatedly being given, please tell me the reason for your laughter. (I have named them) Vikrānta, Subāhu, and similarly, another (is named) Śatrumardana."
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- राजा (rājā) - king
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- क्रियमाणे (kriyamāṇe) - while names are being given (while being done, while being made, while being given)
- असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly, often, continually
- नाम्नि (nāmni) - in the name
- कथ्यताम् (kathyatām) - let it be told, let it be narrated
- हास्यकारणम् (hāsyakāraṇam) - reason for laughter
- विक्रान्तः (vikrāntaḥ) - Vikrānta (a proper name for a son) (valiant, brave, powerful)
- च (ca) - and
- सुबाहुः (subāhuḥ) - Subāhu (a proper name for a son) (strong-armed, having beautiful arms)
- च (ca) - and
- तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so, also
- अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another, other, different
- शत्रुमर्दनः (śatrumardanaḥ) - Śatrumardana (a proper name for a son) (subduer of enemies, enemy-crushing)
Words meanings and morphology
राजा (rājā) - king
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, sovereign
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac
Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice
Root: vac (class 2)
क्रियमाणे (kriyamāṇe) - while names are being given (while being done, while being made, while being given)
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of kriyamāṇa
kriyamāṇa - being done, being performed, being made
Present Passive Participle
From root kṛ (to do), passive sense, used as adjective
Root: kṛ (class 8)
असकृत् (asakṛt) - repeatedly, often, continually
(indeclinable)
Adverbial usage of a compound with kṛt (once)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+sakṛt)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable - sakṛt – once
indeclinable
नाम्नि (nāmni) - in the name
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of nāman
nāman - name, appellation, noun
कथ्यताम् (kathyatām) - let it be told, let it be narrated
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (lot) of kath
Imperative mood, 3rd person singular, passive voice
Root: kath (class 10)
हास्यकारणम् (hāsyakāraṇam) - reason for laughter
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of hāsyakāraṇa
hāsyakāraṇa - cause of laughter, reason for amusement
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hāsya+kāraṇa)
- hāsya – laughter, joke, ridiculous
noun (neuter)
Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
From root has (to laugh), means 'that which is to be laughed at' or 'laughter'
Root: has (class 1) - kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
noun (neuter)
From root kṛ (to do), means 'that which causes'
Root: kṛ (class 8)
विक्रान्तः (vikrāntaḥ) - Vikrānta (a proper name for a son) (valiant, brave, powerful)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vikrānta
vikrānta - valiant, brave, powerful, stepped forth
Past Passive Participle
From root kram (to step) with upasarga vi-
Prefix: vi
Root: kram (class 1)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
सुबाहुः (subāhuḥ) - Subāhu (a proper name for a son) (strong-armed, having beautiful arms)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of subāhu
subāhu - having good arms, strong-armed, a proper name
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+bāhu)
- su – good, well, excellent
indeclinable - bāhu – arm, forearm
noun (masculine)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so, also
(indeclinable)
अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another, other, different
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anya
anya - other, another, different
शत्रुमर्दनः (śatrumardanaḥ) - Śatrumardana (a proper name for a son) (subduer of enemies, enemy-crushing)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śatrumardana
śatrumardana - subduer of enemies, destroyer of foes
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+mardana)
- śatru – enemy, foe, adversary
noun (masculine) - mardana – crushing, grinding, destroying, subduing
noun (masculine)
From root mṛd (to crush)
Root: mṛd (class 9)