मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-26, verse-39
बालो मनो नन्दय बान्धवानां गुरोस्तथाज्ञानकरणैः कुमारः ।
स्त्रीणां युवा सत्कुलभूषणानां वृद्धो वने वत्स वनेचराणाम् ॥३९॥
स्त्रीणां युवा सत्कुलभूषणानां वृद्धो वने वत्स वनेचराणाम् ॥३९॥
39. bālo mano nandaya bāndhavānāṃ gurostathājñānakaraṇaiḥ kumāraḥ .
strīṇāṃ yuvā satkulabhūṣaṇānāṃ vṛddho vane vatsa vanecarāṇām.
strīṇāṃ yuvā satkulabhūṣaṇānāṃ vṛddho vane vatsa vanecarāṇām.
39.
bālaḥ manaḥ nandaya bāndhavānām
guroḥ tathā ājñākaraṇaiḥ kumāraḥ
strīṇām yuvā satkulabhūṣaṇānām
vṛddhaḥ vane vatsa vanecarāṇām
guroḥ tathā ājñākaraṇaiḥ kumāraḥ
strīṇām yuvā satkulabhūṣaṇānām
vṛddhaḥ vane vatsa vanecarāṇām
39.
O dear one, as a child, you should gladden the hearts of your relatives. As a youth, you should please your teacher (guru) by obeying his commands. As a young man, you should gladden women who are the ornaments of good families. And as an old man, you should gladden the forest dwellers in the forest.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- बालः (bālaḥ) - as a child (child, boy, young one)
- मनः (manaḥ) - hearts (mind, heart, intellect)
- नन्दय (nandaya) - gladden (gladden, delight, please)
- बान्धवानाम् (bāndhavānām) - of your relatives (of relatives, of kinsmen)
- गुरोः (guroḥ) - of your teacher (guru) (of the teacher, of the heavy one)
- तथा (tathā) - and (thus, in that manner, and)
- आज्ञाकरणैः (ājñākaraṇaiḥ) - by obeying his commands (by obeying commands, by performance of orders)
- कुमारः (kumāraḥ) - as a youth (boy, youth, young man)
- स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women (of women, of wives)
- युवा (yuvā) - as a young man (young man, youth)
- सत्कुलभूषणानाम् (satkulabhūṣaṇānām) - who are the ornaments of good families (of ornaments of good families)
- वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - as an old man (old man, aged)
- वने (vane) - in the forest (in the forest, in the woods)
- वत्स (vatsa) - O dear one (O child, O dear one, O calf)
- वनेचराणाम् (vanecarāṇām) - of forest dwellers (of forest dwellers, of hermits)
Words meanings and morphology
बालः (bālaḥ) - as a child (child, boy, young one)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bāla
bāla - child, boy, young, ignorant
मनः (manaḥ) - hearts (mind, heart, intellect)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of manas
manas - mind, intellect, spirit, heart
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Visarga for nominative/accusative singular neuter of s-stem.
नन्दय (nandaya) - gladden (gladden, delight, please)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nand
causal verb
From root √nad (to sound, rejoice), causal stem nandaya.
Root: nad (class 1)
बान्धवानाम् (bāndhavānām) - of your relatives (of relatives, of kinsmen)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of bāndhava
bāndhava - kinsman, relative, friend
From bandhu (relative) + suffix aṇ.
Root: bandh (class 9)
गुरोः (guroḥ) - of your teacher (guru) (of the teacher, of the heavy one)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of guru
guru - teacher, preceptor, heavy, important
From root √gṛ (to laud) + suffix u.
Root: gṛ (class 9)
तथा (tathā) - and (thus, in that manner, and)
(indeclinable)
Adverbial.
आज्ञाकरणैः (ājñākaraṇaiḥ) - by obeying his commands (by obeying commands, by performance of orders)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of ājñākaraṇa
ājñākaraṇa - obeying, carrying out orders, performance of orders
From ājñā (command) + karaṇa (doing).
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (ājñā+karaṇa)
- ājñā – command, order, permission
noun (feminine)
Prefix: ā
Root: jñā (class 9) - karaṇa – doing, making, instrument, cause
noun (neuter)
verbal noun
From root √kṛ + suffix ana
Root: kṛ (class 8)
कुमारः (kumāraḥ) - as a youth (boy, youth, young man)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kumāra
kumāra - boy, youth, prince, son
स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women (of women, of wives)
(noun)
Genitive, feminine, plural of strī
strī - woman, wife, female
युवा (yuvā) - as a young man (young man, youth)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yuvan
yuvan - young, youthful, young man
n-stem noun.
सत्कुलभूषणानाम् (satkulabhūṣaṇānām) - who are the ornaments of good families (of ornaments of good families)
(noun)
Genitive, feminine, plural of satkulabhūṣaṇa
satkulabhūṣaṇa - ornament of a good family
Compound.
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (satkula+bhūṣaṇa)
- satkula – good family, noble family
noun (neuter) - bhūṣaṇa – ornament, decoration
noun (neuter)
verbal noun
From root √bhūṣ (to adorn) + suffix ana
Root: bhūṣ (class 1)
Note: Adjectival use, agreeing with strīṇām.
वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - as an old man (old man, aged)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha
vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased
Past Passive Participle
From root √vṛdh (to grow, increase) + suffix kta.
Root: vṛdh (class 1)
वने (vane) - in the forest (in the forest, in the woods)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of vana
vana - forest, wood, grove, water
Root: van (class 1)
वत्स (vatsa) - O dear one (O child, O dear one, O calf)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of vatsa
vatsa - calf, child, darling, year
Root: vas (class 1)
वनेचराणाम् (vanecarāṇām) - of forest dwellers (of forest dwellers, of hermits)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of vanecara
vanecara - forest-dweller, hermit, wild animal
Agent Noun
From vana (forest) + root car (to move, dwell).
Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (vana+cara)
- vana – forest, wood
noun (neuter) - cara – moving, dwelling, one who moves/dwells
adjective/noun (masculine/feminine/neuter)
agent noun
From root √car + suffix a
Root: car (class 1)