महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-61, verse-40

स प्रायात्पाण्डवैरुक्तस्तत्पुरं सात्वतां वरः ।
आससादयिषुः क्षिप्रं गान्धारीं निहतात्मजाम् ॥४०॥

40. sa prāyātpāṇḍavairuktastatpuraṁ sātvatāṁ varaḥ ,
āsasādayiṣuḥ kṣipraṁ gāndhārīṁ nihatātmajām.

40. saḥ prāyāt pāṇḍavaiḥ uktaḥ tat puram sātvatām
varaḥ āsasādayiṣuḥ kṣipram gāndhārīm nihatātmajām

40. pāṇḍavaiḥ uktaḥ sātvatām varaḥ saḥ (kṛṣṇaḥ) nihatātmajām
gāndhārīm kṣipram āsasādayiṣuḥ tat puram prāyāt

40. He (Kṛṣṇa), the best among the Sātvatas, thus instructed by the Pāṇḍavas, quickly proceeded to that city, desiring to meet Gāndhārī, whose children (ātmajā) had been slain.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Kṛṣṇa) (he)

• प्रायात् (prāyāt) - he went, he proceeded

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - told, spoken to, instructed

• तत् (tat) - that (city) (that)

• पुरम् (puram) - (Hastinapura) city (city, town)

• सात्वताम् (sātvatām) - of the Sātvatas, among the Sātvatas

• वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent, choicest

• आससादयिषुः (āsasādayiṣuḥ) - desirous of reaching, wishing to meet

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

• गान्धारीम् (gāndhārīm) - Gāndhārī (mother of Kauravas)

• निहतात्मजाम् (nihatātmajām) - whose children were slain

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Kṛṣṇa) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

प्रायात् (prāyāt) - he went, he proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pra-i

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Paṇḍu, name of the Pāṇḍavas

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - told, spoken to, instructed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vac

vac - told, spoken, said

Past Passive Participle

root `vac` + `kta` (past passive participle suffix)

Root: vac (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that (city) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

पुरम् (puram) - (Hastinapura) city (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pura

pura - city, town, fortress

सात्वताम् (sātvatām) - of the Sātvatas, among the Sātvatas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sātvata

sātvata - a descendant of Sātvata, belonging to the Sātvata clan (a branch of the Yādavas)

वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent, choicest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choicest, boon

आससादयिषुः (āsasādayiṣuḥ) - desirous of reaching, wishing to meet

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsasādayiṣu

āsasādayiṣu - desirous of reaching, wishing to obtain/meet

Desiderative Participle

Desiderative stem from causal of `sad` (sādaya) with `ā` prefix, + `u` suffix. Root `sad` + `ṇic` (causal) + `san` (desiderative) + `u` (suffix for agent)

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an adverb.

गान्धारीम् (gāndhārīm) - Gāndhārī (mother of Kauravas)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gāndhārī

gāndhārī - princess of Gandhāra, name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's wife and mother of the Kauravas

निहतात्मजाम् (nihatātmajām) - whose children were slain

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nihatātmajā

nihatātmajā - whose children (offspring) are slain, having killed children

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nihata+ātmajā)

• nihata – slain, killed, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root `han` with `ni` prefix + `kta` (past passive participle suffix)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: han (class 2)
• ātmajā – daughter; child, offspring (derived from ātman)
  noun (feminine)
  derived from `ātman`