महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-61, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
ततस्ते प्रययुः सर्वे निवासाय महीक्षितः ।
शङ्खान्प्रध्मापयन्तो वै हृष्टाः परिघबाहवः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tataste prayayuḥ sarve nivāsāya mahīkṣitaḥ ,
śaṅkhānpradhmāpayanto vai hṛṣṭāḥ parighabāhavaḥ.

1. sañjaya uvāca | tataḥ te prayayuḥ sarve nivāsāya mahīkṣitaḥ
| śaṅkhān pradhumāpayantaḥ vai hṛṣṭāḥ parighabāhavaḥ

1. sañjaya uvāca tataḥ te sarve hṛṣṭāḥ parighabāhavaḥ
śaṅkhān pradhumāpayantaḥ vai mahīkṣitaḥ nivāsāya prayayuḥ

1. Sanjaya said: Then all of them, joyful and strong-armed, went forth to the king's encampment, loudly blowing their conch shells.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• ते (te) - refers to the Kaurava warriors (they)

• प्रययुः (prayayuḥ) - they went forth, they departed

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• निवासाय (nivāsāya) - for the dwelling, for the encampment

• महीक्षितः (mahīkṣitaḥ) - of Duryodhana, the primary king for the Kauravas (of the king, of the earth-protector)

• शङ्खान् (śaṅkhān) - conch shells

• प्रधुमापयन्तः (pradhumāpayantaḥ) - blowing loudly, causing to blow

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - joyful, delighted

• परिघबाहवः (parighabāhavaḥ) - having arms like maces/clubs, strong-armed

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac', perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

Derived from the pronominal stem 'tad' (that).

ते (te) - refers to the Kaurava warriors (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रययुः (prayayuḥ) - they went forth, they departed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of i

Perfect Active

Root 'i' with prefix 'pra', perfect tense, 3rd person plural.

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'te'.

निवासाय (nivāsāya) - for the dwelling, for the encampment

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of nivāsa

nivāsa - dwelling, residence, encampment, resting place

Derived from 'ni-vas' (to dwell).

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Indicates purpose.

महीक्षितः (mahīkṣitaḥ) - of Duryodhana, the primary king for the Kauravas (of the king, of the earth-protector)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mahīkṣit

mahīkṣit - king, earth-protector, ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+kṣit)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• kṣit – ruling, possessing, residing; ruler, dweller
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kṣi' (to rule, to dwell).
  Root: kṣi (class 5)

शङ्खान् (śaṅkhān) - conch shells

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śaṅkha

śaṅkha - conch shell

Note: Object of 'pradhumāpayantaḥ'.

प्रधुमापयन्तः (pradhumāpayantaḥ) - blowing loudly, causing to blow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pradhmāpayat

pradhmāpayat - blowing, causing to blow

Present Active Participle (Causative)

From root 'dhmā' (to blow) with causative suffix '-paya' and prefix 'pra'. Masculine nominative plural.

Prefix: pra

Root: dhmā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'te'/'sarve'.

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - joyful, delighted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - joyful, delighted, thrilled, excited

Past Passive Participle

From root 'hṛṣ' (to be thrilled/excite). Masculine nominative plural.

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'te'/'sarve'.

परिघबाहवः (parighabāhavaḥ) - having arms like maces/clubs, strong-armed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parighabāhu

parighabāhu - having arms like maces, strong-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (parigha+bāhu)

• parigha – mace, club, iron bar, bolt
  noun (masculine)
• bāhu – arm, fore-arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'te'/'sarve'.