महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-61, verse-12

अथावतीर्णे भूतानामीश्वरे सुमहात्मनि ।
कपिरन्तर्दधे दिव्यो ध्वजो गाण्डीवधन्वनः ॥१२॥

12. athāvatīrṇe bhūtānāmīśvare sumahātmani ,
kapirantardadhe divyo dhvajo gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ.

12. atha avatīrṇe bhūtānām īśvare sumahātmani |
kapiḥ antardadhe divyaḥ dhvajaḥ gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ

12. atha bhūtānām sumahātmani īśvare avatīrṇe
gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ divyaḥ kapiḥ dhvajaḥ antardadhe

12. Then, as the greatly magnanimous Lord (īśvara) of all beings, very great-souled (sumahātman), descended, the divine monkey banner on the flag of the wielder of Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna) disappeared.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, next

• अवतीर्णे (avatīrṇe) - having descended, alighted (locative singular)

• भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures

• ईश्वरे (īśvare) - Refers to Kṛṣṇa as the supreme lord. (in the lord, to the lord, for the lord (locative singular))

• सुमहात्मनि (sumahātmani) - Refers to Kṛṣṇa, who is being described as having a very great soul/spirit. (in the greatly magnanimous one, in the very great-souled (sumahātman) one (locative singular))

• कपिः (kapiḥ) - Refers to the divine monkey Hanumān, whose image was on Arjuna's banner. (monkey)

• अन्तर्दधे (antardadhe) - disappeared, vanished

• दिव्यः (divyaḥ) - divine, celestial

• ध्वजः (dhvajaḥ) - Refers to Arjuna's banner, which bore the image of Hanumān. (banner, flag)

• गाण्डीवधन्वनः (gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ) - Refers to Arjuna. (of the wielder of Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna))

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, next

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

अवतीर्णे (avatīrṇe) - having descended, alighted (locative singular)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of avatīrṇa

avatīrṇa - descended, alighted, embodied

Past Passive Participle

Root tṛ (to cross, pass over) with upasarga ava, past passive participle suffix -kta.

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Forms part of a locative absolute construction, indicating 'when he had descended'.

भूतानाम् (bhūtānām) - of beings, of creatures

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past

Past Passive Participle (from bhū)

Root bhū (to be, exist) with past passive participle suffix -kta.

Root: bhū (class 1)

ईश्वरे (īśvare) - Refers to Kṛṣṇa as the supreme lord. (in the lord, to the lord, for the lord (locative singular))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, ruler, god (īśvara)

From root īś (to rule, be master).

Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Forms part of a locative absolute construction, agreeing with 'avatīrṇe'.

सुमहात्मनि (sumahātmani) - Refers to Kṛṣṇa, who is being described as having a very great soul/spirit. (in the greatly magnanimous one, in the very great-souled (sumahātman) one (locative singular))

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sumahātman

sumahātman - greatly magnanimous, very high-souled, noble-minded

Compound word.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+mahā+ātman)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix for intensification or goodness.
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Forms part of a locative absolute construction, agreeing with 'īśvare'.

कपिः (kapiḥ) - Refers to the divine monkey Hanumān, whose image was on Arjuna's banner. (monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

अन्तर्दधे (antardadhe) - disappeared, vanished

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of antardhā

Perfect tense, Middle voice

Root dhā (to place, put) with upasarga antar, perfect 3rd person singular middle voice.

Prefix: antar

Root: dhā (class 3)

दिव्यः (divyaḥ) - divine, celestial

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of divya

divya - divine, celestial, heavenly, supernatural

From div (heaven).

Note: Agrees with 'dhvajaḥ'.

ध्वजः (dhvajaḥ) - Refers to Arjuna's banner, which bore the image of Hanumān. (banner, flag)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, flag, standard, mark

गाण्डीवधन्वनः (gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ) - Refers to Arjuna. (of the wielder of Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gāṇḍīvadhanvan

gāṇḍīvadhanvan - one who has Gāṇḍīva as a bow, wielder of Gāṇḍīva, Arjuna

Compound word.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gāṇḍīva+dhanus)

• gāṇḍīva – the name of Arjuna's bow
  proper noun (neuter)
• dhanus – bow, arch
  noun (neuter)