महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-37, verse-6

स तस्य शरवर्षाणि ववर्ष रथिनां वरः ।
तथा संशप्तकाश्चैव पार्थस्य समरे स्थिताः ॥६॥

6. sa tasya śaravarṣāṇi vavarṣa rathināṁ varaḥ ,
tathā saṁśaptakāścaiva pārthasya samare sthitāḥ.

6. sa tasya śaravarṣāṇi vavarṣa rathinām varaḥ
tathā saṃśaptakāḥ ca eva pārthasya samare sthitāḥ

6. sa rathinām varaḥ,
tasya śaravarṣāṇi vavarṣa.
tathā ca eva saṃśaptakāḥ pārthasya samare sthitāḥ.

6. He, the foremost of charioteers (Suśarman), rained showers of arrows upon him (Arjuna). And similarly, the Saṃśaptakas also stood arrayed in battle against Pārtha.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Suśarman (he, that)

• तस्य (tasya) - upon him (Arjuna) (his, of that, to him)

• शरवर्षाणि (śaravarṣāṇi) - showers of arrows

• ववर्ष (vavarṣa) - rained, poured

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

• वरः (varaḥ) - Suśarman, who is described as the best charioteer (best, excellent, choicest)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

• संशप्तकाः (saṁśaptakāḥ) - the Saṃśaptakas (a group of warriors who vowed to kill Arjuna or die) (those who have sworn together, sworn warriors)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - also (indeed, only, just)

• पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - against Pārtha (Arjuna) (of Pārtha, for Pārtha)

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - arrayed in battle (stood, positioned, situated)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Suśarman (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तस्य (tasya) - upon him (Arjuna) (his, of that, to him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Could refer to Arjuna as the recipient of the arrows.

शरवर्षाणि (śaravarṣāṇi) - showers of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - a shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower, year
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

ववर्ष (vavarṣa) - rained, poured

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of √vṛṣ

Perfect

Perfect 3rd person singular Parasmaipada

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, one who fights from a chariot

वरः (varaḥ) - Suśarman, who is described as the best charioteer (best, excellent, choicest)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choicest, boon, husband

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Used as an adjective modifying 'sa' (Suśarman).

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly

(indeclinable)

संशप्तकाः (saṁśaptakāḥ) - the Saṃśaptakas (a group of warriors who vowed to kill Arjuna or die) (those who have sworn together, sworn warriors)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃśaptaka

saṁśaptaka - one who has sworn a common oath (especially to conquer or die), a chosen warrior

Prefix: sam

Root: śap (class 1)

Note: A specific group of warriors.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Enclitic conjunction.

एव (eva) - also (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - against Pārtha (Arjuna) (of Pārtha, for Pārtha)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā with 'aṇ' suffix, meaning 'son of Pṛthā'.

Note: Genitive often expresses relationship or purpose ('against').

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - arrayed in battle (stood, positioned, situated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, abiding, fixed, arrayed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saṃśaptakāḥ'.