महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-37, verse-37

ततः संशप्तका भूयः परिवव्रुर्धनंजयम् ।
मर्तव्यमिति निश्चित्य जयं वापि निवर्तनम् ॥३७॥

37. tataḥ saṁśaptakā bhūyaḥ parivavrurdhanaṁjayam ,
martavyamiti niścitya jayaṁ vāpi nivartanam.

37. tataḥ saṃśaptakāḥ bhūyaḥ parivavruḥ dhanañjayam
martavyam iti niścitya jayam vā api nivartanam

37. tataḥ bhūyaḥ saṃśaptakāḥ martavyam iti niścitya
vā api jayam nivartanam dhanañjayam parivavruḥ

37. Then the Saṃśaptakas again surrounded Dhanañjaya, having resolved, "Either victory or death (no turning back)."

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• संशप्तकाः (saṁśaptakāḥ) - a specific group of warriors who swore to conquer or die (the Saṃśaptakas)

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

• परिवव्रुः (parivavruḥ) - they surrounded, they encircled

• धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Arjuna, an epithet meaning 'conqueror of wealth' (Dhanañjaya)

• मर्तव्यम् (martavyam) - to be died, one must die, death (as a necessity)

• इति (iti) - marks the end of direct speech or thought (thus, in this manner)

• निश्चित्य (niścitya) - having resolved, having decided

• जयम् (jayam) - victory, conquest

• वा (vā) - or

• अपि (api) - emphasizes the 'or' conjunction (also, even, indeed)

• निवर्तनम् (nivartanam) - implying death or non-return from battle (retreat, turning back, cessation)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

संशप्तकाः (saṁśaptakāḥ) - a specific group of warriors who swore to conquer or die (the Saṃśaptakas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃśaptaka

saṁśaptaka - one who has sworn an oath; the Saṃśaptakas (a specific group of warriors)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sam+śapta)

• sam – together, with
  indeclinable
• śapta – sworn, cursed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śap (to swear, to curse).
  Root: śap (class 1)

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

(indeclinable)

परिवव्रुः (parivavruḥ) - they surrounded, they encircled

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of parivavru

Perfect Active

3rd person plural, perfect tense, active voice of root vṛ with prefix pari.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

धनञ्जयम् (dhanañjayam) - Arjuna, an epithet meaning 'conqueror of wealth' (Dhanañjaya)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - conqueror of wealth; a name of Arjuna

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)

मर्तव्यम् (martavyam) - to be died, one must die, death (as a necessity)

(verbal adjective)

इति (iti) - marks the end of direct speech or thought (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

निश्चित्य (niścitya) - having resolved, having decided

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root ci (to gather, observe, understand) with prefix nis and suffix -tya.

Prefix: nis

Root: ci (class 5)

जयम् (jayam) - victory, conquest

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, triumph, conquest

Root: ji (class 1)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - emphasizes the 'or' conjunction (also, even, indeed)

(indeclinable)

निवर्तनम् (nivartanam) - implying death or non-return from battle (retreat, turning back, cessation)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nivartana

nivartana - turning back, retreat, cessation, return

From root vṛt (to turn) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)