महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-37, verse-12

ते हयान्रथचक्रे च रथेषाश्चापि भारत ।
निगृह्य बलवत्तूर्णं सिंहनादमथानदन् ॥१२॥

12. te hayānrathacakre ca ratheṣāścāpi bhārata ,
nigṛhya balavattūrṇaṁ siṁhanādamathānadan.

12. te hayān ratha-cakre ca ratha-īṣāḥ ca api bhārata
nigṛhya balavat tūrṇam siṃha-nādam atha anadan

12. bhārata te hayān ratha-cakre ca ratha-īṣāḥ ca api
balavat tūrṇam nigṛhya atha siṃha-nādam anadan

12. O descendant of Bharata, they, having powerfully and quickly seized the horses, the chariot wheels, and the chariot shafts, then let out a lion's roar.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they

• हयान् (hayān) - horses

• रथ-चक्रे (ratha-cakre) - chariot wheels

• च (ca) - and

• रथ-ईषाः (ratha-īṣāḥ) - chariot shafts

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata, O descendant of Bharata

• निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - having seized, having restrained

• बलवत् (balavat) - mightily, forcibly, strongly

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly

• सिंह-नादम् (siṁha-nādam) - lion's roar

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

• अनदन् (anadan) - they roared, they shouted

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

हयान् (hayān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

रथ-चक्रे (ratha-cakre) - chariot wheels

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, dual of ratha-cakra

ratha-cakra - chariot wheel

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+cakra)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• cakra – wheel, disc
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

रथ-ईषाः (ratha-īṣāḥ) - chariot shafts

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of ratha-īṣā

ratha-īṣā - chariot pole, shaft

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+īṣā)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• īṣā – pole, shaft (of a chariot)
  noun (feminine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata, O descendant of Bharata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior

Derived from Bharata

निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - having seized, having restrained

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) of the verb root 'grah' with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

बलवत् (balavat) - mightily, forcibly, strongly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of the adjective 'balavant'

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'tvar' (to hasten)

Root: tvar (class 1)

सिंह-नादम् (siṁha-nādam) - lion's roar

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of siṃha-nāda

siṁha-nāda - lion's roar, war-cry

Compound type : tatpurusha (siṃha+nāda)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• nāda – roar, sound, cry
  noun (masculine)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

अनदन् (anadan) - they roared, they shouted

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of nad

Root: nad (class 1)