महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-83, verse-28

तेन पाण्डवसैन्यानां मृदिता युधि वारणाः ।
हयाश्च बहवो राजन्पत्तयश्च तथा पुनः ।
रथेभ्यो रथिनः पेतुस्तस्य नुन्नाः स्म सायकैः ॥२८॥

28. tena pāṇḍavasainyānāṁ mṛditā yudhi vāraṇāḥ ,
hayāśca bahavo rājanpattayaśca tathā punaḥ ,
rathebhyo rathinaḥ petustasya nunnāḥ sma sāyakaiḥ.

28. tena pāṇḍavasainyānām mṛditā yudhi
vāraṇāḥ hayāḥ ca bahavaḥ rājan pattayaḥ
ca tathā punaḥ rathebhyoḥ rathinaḥ
petuḥ tasya nunnāḥ sma sāyakaiḥ

28. rājan tena yudhi pāṇḍavasainyānām vāraṇāḥ mṛditāḥ (āsan).
ca bahavaḥ hayāḥ ca pattayaḥ tathā punaḥ (mṛditāḥ āsan).
tasya sāyakaiḥ nunnāḥ rathinaḥ rathebhyoḥ sma petuḥ.

28. O king, by that demon, the elephants of the Pandava armies were crushed in battle. Many horses and foot soldiers were similarly devastated. Moreover, charioteers, struck by his arrows, fell from their chariots.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that demon (Ghatotkacha) (by him, by that)

• पाण्डवसैन्यानाम् (pāṇḍavasainyānām) - of the Pandava armies

• मृदिता (mṛditā) - crushed, devastated (crushed, trampled, bruised)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• वारणाः (vāraṇāḥ) - elephants

• हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

• च (ca) - and

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

• राजन् (rājan) - O Dhritarashtra (O king)

• पत्तयः (pattayaḥ) - foot soldiers (foot soldiers, infantry)

• च (ca) - and

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (similarly, so, thus)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - moreover (again, further, moreover)

• रथेभ्योः (rathebhyoḥ) - from their chariots (from chariots)

• रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers (charioteers, warrior in a chariot)

• पेतुः (petuḥ) - fell (they fell)

• तस्य (tasya) - by him (the demon) (of him, by him, his)

• नुन्नाः (nunnāḥ) - struck (impelled, pushed, struck, driven away)

• स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense)

• सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that demon (Ghatotkacha) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पाण्डवसैन्यानाम् (pāṇḍavasainyānām) - of the Pandava armies

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of pāṇḍavasainya

pāṇḍavasainya - Pandava army, army of the Pandavas

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'pāṇḍava' (Pandava) and 'sainya' (army).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍava+sainya)

• pāṇḍava – descendant of Pandu, belonging to the Pandavas
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from Pandu
• sainya – army, host, military
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'vāraṇāḥ', 'hayāḥ', 'pattayaḥ'.

मृदिता (mṛditā) - crushed, devastated (crushed, trampled, bruised)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛdita

mṛdita - crushed, trampled, bruised, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root mṛd 'to crush, tread down'.

Root: mṛd (class 9)

युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Location of the action.

वारणाः (vāraṇāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāraṇa

vāraṇa - elephant, protector, repeller

From root vṛ 'to cover, choose, hinder'.

Root: vṛ (class 5)

हयाः (hayāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse, steed

From root hi 'to send, impel'.

Root: hi (class 3)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'vāraṇāḥ' and 'hayāḥ'.

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous

राजन् (rājan) - O Dhritarashtra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

पत्तयः (pattayaḥ) - foot soldiers (foot soldiers, infantry)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of patti

patti - foot soldier, infantry

Root: pat (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'hayāḥ' and 'pattayaḥ'.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (similarly, so, thus)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

पुनः (punaḥ) - moreover (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Note: Emphasizes continuation or additional action.

रथेभ्योः (rathebhyoḥ) - from their chariots (from chariots)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram (class 1)

रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers (charioteers, warrior in a chariot)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior in a chariot, possessing a chariot

Derived from 'ratha' (chariot) with suffix 'in'.

पेतुः (petuḥ) - fell (they fell)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of pat

perfect

Perfect tense, reduplicated form of 'pat'.

Root: pat (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - by him (the demon) (of him, by him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the demon.

नुन्नाः (nunnāḥ) - struck (impelled, pushed, struck, driven away)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nunna

nunna - pushed, impelled, struck, driven away

Past Passive Participle

From root nud 'to push, impel'.

Root: nud (class 6)

स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense)

(indeclinable)

सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, missile

From root śi 'to sharpen' or from 'sā' (an older root for 'to go, shoot').

Root: si/sā (class 4)