महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-83, verse-26

स वध्यमानो भीमेन निमेषाद्रथमास्थितः ।
जगाम धरणीं क्षुद्रः खं चैव सहसागमत् ॥२६॥

26. sa vadhyamāno bhīmena nimeṣādrathamāsthitaḥ ,
jagāma dharaṇīṁ kṣudraḥ khaṁ caiva sahasāgamat.

26. saḥ vadhyamānaḥ bhīmena nimeṣāt ratham āsthitaḥ
jagāma dharaṇīm kṣudraḥ kham ca eva sahasā agamat

26. bhīmena vadhyamānaḥ saḥ kṣudraḥ nimeṣāt ratham
āsthitaḥ dharaṇīm jagāma ca eva sahasā kham agamat

26. That vile demon, being struck by Bhima, instantly mounted his chariot, then went down to the earth, and suddenly ascended into the sky.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that demon (referring to the invisible rākṣasa from the previous verse) (he, that)

• वध्यमानः (vadhyamānaḥ) - being struck (by arrows) (being struck, being killed)

• भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhima

• निमेषात् (nimeṣāt) - instantly, in a moment (in an instant, from a blink of an eye)

• रथम् (ratham) - his chariot (chariot)

• आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - having mounted (the chariot) (having stood, having mounted, having taken a stand)

• जगाम (jagāma) - went down, descended (went)

• धरणीम् (dharaṇīm) - to the earth (earth, ground)

• क्षुद्रः (kṣudraḥ) - that vile demon (vile, wicked, small, mean)

• खम् (kham) - the sky (sky, space, ether)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed, emphasizing the suddenness (indeed, only, just)

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly (suddenly, quickly, forcibly)

• अगमत् (agamat) - ascended (went)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that demon (referring to the invisible rākṣasa from the previous verse) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the demon.

वध्यमानः (vadhyamānaḥ) - being struck (by arrows) (being struck, being killed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being struck, being killed, being wounded

Present Passive Participle

From root 'vadh' (to strike, kill) or 'han' (to strike, kill) in the passive voice with the 'śānac' suffix. 'vadh' is an alternative form of 'han' in some contexts.

Root: han (class 2)

भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhima

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima, terrible, formidable

निमेषात् (nimeṣāt) - instantly, in a moment (in an instant, from a blink of an eye)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of nimeṣa

nimeṣa - wink, blink, instant, moment

From root miṣ 'to wink', with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: miṣ (class 1)

Note: Expresses duration or swiftness.

रथम् (ratham) - his chariot (chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āsthitaḥ'.

आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - having mounted (the chariot) (having stood, having mounted, having taken a stand)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsthita

āsthita - standing on, mounted on, occupied, situated

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā 'to stand', with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used in an active sense here (having mounted).

जगाम (jagāma) - went down, descended (went)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of gam

perfect

Reduplicated perfect form of 'gam'.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'saḥ' (the demon).

धरणीम् (dharaṇīm) - to the earth (earth, ground)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dharaṇī

dharaṇī - earth, ground, soil

From root dhṛ 'to hold, bear'.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Destination of 'jagāma'.

क्षुद्रः (kṣudraḥ) - that vile demon (vile, wicked, small, mean)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣudra

kṣudra - small, tiny, mean, base, vile, wicked

Note: Describes 'saḥ' (the demon).

खम् (kham) - the sky (sky, space, ether)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - sky, space, ether, zero

Note: Destination of 'agamāt'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Joins 'dharaṇīṃ' and 'kham'.

एव (eva) - indeed, emphasizing the suddenness (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly (suddenly, quickly, forcibly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

Note: Modifies 'agamāt'.

अगमत् (agamat) - ascended (went)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

imperfect

Augment 'a' + root 'gam' + personal ending.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'saḥ' (the demon).