महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-83, verse-11

तच्छिरो न्यपतद्भूमौ तपनीयविभूषितम् ।
भ्राजयन्तं रणोद्देशं बालसूर्यसमप्रभम् ॥११॥

11. tacchiro nyapatadbhūmau tapanīyavibhūṣitam ,
bhrājayantaṁ raṇoddeśaṁ bālasūryasamaprabham.

11. tat śiraḥ ni apatat bhūmau tapanīyavibhūṣitam
bhrājayantaṃ raṇoddeśaṃ bālasūryasamaprabham

11. tat tapanīyavibhūṣitam bālasūryasamaprabham
śiraḥ bhūmau ni apatat raṇoddeśaṃ bhrājayantaṃ

11. That head, adorned with gold and possessing the radiance of the rising sun, fell to the ground, illuminating the battlefield.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• नि (ni) - down, into

• अपतत् (apatat) - fell

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• तपनीयविभूषितम् (tapanīyavibhūṣitam) - adorned with gold

• भ्राजयन्तं (bhrājayantaṁ) - illuminating, making shine, radiant

• रणोद्देशं (raṇoddeśaṁ) - battlefield, place of battle

• बालसूर्यसमप्रभम् (bālasūryasamaprabham) - having a luster/radiance like the rising sun

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak

नि (ni) - down, into

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as an upasarga with √pat.

अपतत् (apatat) - fell

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Root: pat (class 1)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

तपनीयविभूषितम् (tapanīyavibhūṣitam) - adorned with gold

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapanīyavibhūṣita

tapanīyavibhūṣita - adorned with gold

Compound type : tatpurusha (tapanīya+vibhūṣita)

• tapanīya – gold, golden
  noun (neuter)
• vibhūṣita – adorned, decorated
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of √bhūṣ with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: bhūṣ

Note: Modifies 'śiraḥ'.

भ्राजयन्तं (bhrājayantaṁ) - illuminating, making shine, radiant

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrājayat

bhrājayat - shining, radiant, illuminating

Present Active Participle (causative)

Present active participle of the causative stem of √bhrāj (to shine)

Root: bhrāj (class 1)

Note: Poetic usage, possibly agreeing with an implicit masculine subject or referring to the head's action adverbially, despite 'śiraḥ' being neuter nominative.

रणोद्देशं (raṇoddeśaṁ) - battlefield, place of battle

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raṇoddeśa

raṇoddeśa - battlefield, region of battle

Compound type : tatpurusha (raṇa+uddeśa)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
• uddeśa – place, region, quarter
  noun (masculine)

बालसूर्यसमप्रभम् (bālasūryasamaprabham) - having a luster/radiance like the rising sun

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bālasūryasamaprabha

bālasūryasamaprabha - having a luster like the rising sun

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bālasūrya+sama+prabha)

• bālasūrya – rising sun, young sun
  noun (masculine)
• sama – like, equal, similar
  adjective (masculine)
• prabha – luster, radiance, light
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the head or its radiance, poetically takes masculine form.