महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-6, verse-8

हर्षयन्सर्वसैन्यानि बलेषु बलमादधत् ।
ययौ वैकर्तनः कर्णः प्रमुखे सर्वधन्विनाम् ॥८॥

8. harṣayansarvasainyāni baleṣu balamādadhat ,
yayau vaikartanaḥ karṇaḥ pramukhe sarvadhanvinām.

8. harṣayan sarvasainyāni baleṣu balam ādadhat
yayau vaikartanaḥ karṇaḥ pramukhe sarvadhanvinām

8. vaikartanaḥ karṇaḥ harṣayan sarvasainyāni baleṣu
balam ādadhat sarvadhanvinām pramukhe yayau

8. Karna, the son of Vikartana (Surya), advanced at the forefront of all archers, gladdening all the armies and imparting strength to the forces.

Words meanings summery:

• हर्षयन् (harṣayan) - causing joy to (gladdening, delighting, causing joy)

• सर्वसैन्यानि (sarvasainyāni) - all the armies (of the Kauravas) (all armies)

• बलेषु (baleṣu) - among the forces (troops) (in strengths, in forces)

• बलम् (balam) - strength, vigor (strength, power)

• आदधत् (ādadhat) - imparting (strength) (imparting, bestowing, placing)

• ययौ (yayau) - advanced, marched (went, proceeded)

• वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - Karna, the son of the Sun-god (son of Vikartana (Surya), Karna)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (name of a warrior))

• प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - at the forefront (in the forefront, at the head, in front)

• सर्वधन्विनाम् (sarvadhanvinām) - of all the bowmen (of all archers)

Words meanings and morphology

हर्षयन् (harṣayan) - causing joy to (gladdening, delighting, causing joy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harṣayat

harṣayat - gladdening, delighting

Present Active Participle

Causative of root hṛṣ (to rejoice) + Śatṛ (present active participle) suffix. Used here as an adjective modifying Karna.

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

सर्वसैन्यानि (sarvasainyāni) - all the armies (of the Kauravas) (all armies)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sarvasainya

sarvasainya - all armies

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+sainya)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective (masculine)
• sainya – army, host
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from senā (army).

Note: Object of 'harṣayan'.

बलेषु (baleṣu) - among the forces (troops) (in strengths, in forces)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

बलम् (balam) - strength, vigor (strength, power)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army

Note: Object of 'ādadhat'.

आदधत् (ādadhat) - imparting (strength) (imparting, bestowing, placing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādadhāt

ādadhāt - imparting, bestowing, placing

Present Active Participle

Root dhā (to place, hold) with prefix ā- (towards) + Śatṛ (present active participle) suffix. Used here as an adjective modifying Karna.

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

ययौ (yayau) - advanced, marched (went, proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of yā

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of root yā.

Root: yā (class 2)

वैकर्तनः (vaikartanaḥ) - Karna, the son of the Sun-god (son of Vikartana (Surya), Karna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaikartana

vaikartana - son of Vikartana (an epithet of Surya), Karna

Patronymic of Vikartana (Surya).

Note: Subject of 'yayau'.

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (Karna (name of a warrior))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (name of a warrior), ear

Note: Subject of 'yayau'.

प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - at the forefront (in the forefront, at the head, in front)

(indeclinable)

From pra- + mukha (face).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pra+mukha)

• pra – before, forward, forth
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially here to indicate position.

सर्वधन्विनाम् (sarvadhanvinām) - of all the bowmen (of all archers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarvadhanvin

sarvadhanvin - all archers

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+dhanvin)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective (masculine)
• dhanvin – archer, bowman
  noun (masculine)
  From dhanu (bow) + -in suffix.

Note: Connected to 'pramukhe' (at the forefront of...).