महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-6, verse-15

अस्माकं शकटव्यूहो द्रोणेन विहितोऽभवत् ।
परेषां क्रौञ्च एवासीद्व्यूहो राजन्महात्मनाम् ।
प्रीयमाणेन विहितो धर्मराजेन भारत ॥१५॥

15. asmākaṁ śakaṭavyūho droṇena vihito'bhavat ,
pareṣāṁ krauñca evāsīdvyūho rājanmahātmanām ,
prīyamāṇena vihito dharmarājena bhārata.

15. asmākam śakaṭa-vyūhaḥ droṇena vihitaḥ
abhavat pareṣām krauñcaḥ eva
āsīt vyūhaḥ rājan mahā-ātmanām
prīyamāṇena vihitaḥ dharma-rājena bhārata

15. rājan bhārata asmākam śakaṭa-vyūhaḥ
droṇena vihitaḥ abhavat pareṣām
mahā-ātmanām (vyūhaḥ) krauñcaḥ eva āsīt
(saḥ) prīyamāṇena dharma-rājena vihitaḥ

15. O King, our `śakaṭa` (cart) formation was arranged by Droṇa. For the great-souled opponents, O Bhārata, it was indeed the `krauñca` (heron) formation, which was arranged by the delighted King of Dharma (Yudhiṣṭhira).

Words meanings summery:

• अस्माकम् (asmākam) - our, of us

• शकट-व्यूहः (śakaṭa-vyūhaḥ) - cart formation (a type of military array)

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Droṇa

• विहितः (vihitaḥ) - arranged, established, done

• अभवत् (abhavat) - was, became

• परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others, of the enemies

• क्रौञ्चः (krauñcaḥ) - heron (a type of military formation resembling a heron)

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was

• व्यूहः (vyūhaḥ) - formation, array

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• महा-आत्मनाम् (mahā-ātmanām) - of the great-souled Pāṇḍavas (of the great-souled ones)

• प्रीयमाणेन (prīyamāṇena) - by the delighted, by the rejoicing one

• विहितः (vihitaḥ) - arranged, established, done

• धर्म-राजेन (dharma-rājena) - by Yudhiṣṭhira, the King of Dharma (by the King of Dharma (Yudhiṣṭhira))

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra, descendant of Bharata (O descendant of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

अस्माकम् (asmākam) - our, of us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Possessive

शकट-व्यूहः (śakaṭa-vyūhaḥ) - cart formation (a type of military array)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakaṭa-vyūha

śakaṭa-vyūha - cart formation, a military array resembling a cart

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śakaṭa+vyūha)

• śakaṭa – cart, wagon
  noun (masculine)
• vyūha – military array, formation, arrangement
  noun (masculine)
  from root ūh- (to move, observe) with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Subject of abhavat

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Droṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (proper name, a teacher of the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas)

Note: Agent of vihitaḥ

विहितः (vihitaḥ) - arranged, established, done

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihita

vihita - arranged, established, created, done; past passive participle of dhā with vi

Past Passive Participle

from root dhā- (to place, arrange) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with śakaṭa-vyūhaḥ

अभवत् (abhavat) - was, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of root bhū-

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Copula

परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others, of the enemies

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of para

para - other, supreme, enemy

Note: Possessive, refers to the Pandavas

क्रौञ्चः (krauñcaḥ) - heron (a type of military formation resembling a heron)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krauñca

krauñca - heron, curlew; a type of military formation resembling a heron

Note: Predicate nominative for vyūhaḥ

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

आसीत् (āsīt) - was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of root as-

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Copula

व्यूहः (vyūhaḥ) - formation, array

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyūha

vyūha - military array, formation, arrangement

from root ūh- (to move, observe) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Subject

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra

महा-आत्मनाम् (mahā-ātmanām) - of the great-souled Pāṇḍavas (of the great-souled ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahā-ātman

mahā-ātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous (an epithet for noble persons, often the Pāṇḍavas)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with pareṣām (referring to the Pāṇḍavas)

प्रीयमाणेन (prīyamāṇena) - by the delighted, by the rejoicing one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prīyamāṇa

prīyamāṇa - delighting, rejoicing, being pleased

Present Middle Participle

present middle participle of root prī- (to please, to be pleased)

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Agrees with dharma-rājena

विहितः (vihitaḥ) - arranged, established, done

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihita

vihita - arranged, established, created, done; past passive participle of dhā with vi

Past Passive Participle

from root dhā- (to place, arrange) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with (implied) vyūhaḥ

धर्म-राजेन (dharma-rājena) - by Yudhiṣṭhira, the King of Dharma (by the King of Dharma (Yudhiṣṭhira))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma-rāja

dharma-rāja - king of righteousness/justice; an epithet for Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of vihitaḥ

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra, descendant of Bharata (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to Bharata; an epithet used for various characters, here addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

patronymic from Bharata

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra