महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-29, verse-24

तत्तमोऽस्त्रेण महता ज्योतिषेणार्जुनोऽवधीत् ।
हते तस्मिञ्जलौघास्तु प्रादुरासन्भयानकाः ॥२४॥

24. tattamo'streṇa mahatā jyotiṣeṇārjuno'vadhīt ,
hate tasmiñjalaughāstu prādurāsanbhayānakāḥ.

24. tat tamaḥ astreṇa mahatā jyotiṣeṇa arjunaḥ avadhīt
| hate tasmin jalaughāḥ tu prāduḥ āsan bhayānakāḥ

24. arjunaḥ tat tamaḥ astreṇa mahatā jyotiṣeṇa avadhīt
tasmin hate tu bhayānakāḥ jalaughāḥ prāduḥ āsan

24. Arjuna destroyed that great weapon of darkness with a mighty weapon of light. When that (darkness weapon) was destroyed, terrifying floods of water appeared.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the darkness weapon) (that, him, her, it)

• तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (as generated by the opponent's weapon) (darkness, ignorance)

• अस्त्रेण (astreṇa) - by the weapon (the opponent's weapon, which caused darkness, or `tamas-astra`) (by a weapon, with a weapon)

• महता (mahatā) - by the great, mighty (describing Arjuna's light-weapon) (by the great, with the mighty)

• ज्योतिषेण (jyotiṣeṇa) - by the weapon of light (Arjuna's counter-weapon) (by light, by a luminary, by a star)

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (name)

• अवधीत् (avadhīt) - destroyed (the weapon/its effect) (killed, destroyed, struck)

• हते (hate) - when destroyed (referring to the weapon of darkness) (killed, destroyed, defeated)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (weapon of darkness) (in that, on that, when that)

• जलौघाः (jalaughāḥ) - floods of water, torrents

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• प्रादुः (prāduḥ) - manifested, visible, appeared

• आसन् (āsan) - they appeared (in conjunction with prāduḥ) (they were, they existed)

• भयानकाः (bhayānakāḥ) - terrifying, dreadful

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the darkness weapon) (that, him, her, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tat

tat - that, it

Note: Adjectival use, agreeing with 'tamaḥ' or directly referring to the `tamas-astra` as the object of destruction.

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness (as generated by the opponent's weapon) (darkness, ignorance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, ignorance, inertia

Note: Here used as part of a compound `tamas-astra` implicitly or directly as `tamaḥ` (darkness) being the object.

अस्त्रेण (astreṇa) - by the weapon (the opponent's weapon, which caused darkness, or `tamas-astra`) (by a weapon, with a weapon)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile

Root: as (class 4)

महता (mahatā) - by the great, mighty (describing Arjuna's light-weapon) (by the great, with the mighty)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

ज्योतिषेण (jyotiṣeṇa) - by the weapon of light (Arjuna's counter-weapon) (by light, by a luminary, by a star)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of jyotis

jyotis - light, luster, star

Root: dyut (class 1)

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna (name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a name), white, silver

अवधीत् (avadhīt) - destroyed (the weapon/its effect) (killed, destroyed, struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past (aorist) (luṅ) of vadh

Aorist

3rd person singular, root `han` (ghna/han) with `a` augment and ending `it`. `luṅ` (aorist).

Root: han (class 2)

हते (hate) - when destroyed (referring to the weapon of darkness) (killed, destroyed, defeated)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root `han` (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when that (weapon of darkness) (in that, on that, when that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tat

tat - that, it

Note: Locative absolute construction with `hate`. Refers to the darkness weapon (astra).

जलौघाः (jalaughāḥ) - floods of water, torrents

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jalaugha

jalaugha - flood of water, torrent

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jala+ogha)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• ogha – flood, current, multitude
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vah (class 1)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

प्रादुः (prāduḥ) - manifested, visible, appeared

(indeclinable)

Often functions as a preverb or part of a compound with 'as' (to be) to mean 'to appear' or 'to manifest'. From `pra` + `ā + dṛś` (to see) or `pra` + `ā + bhū` (to be). Its independent form is `prāduḥ`.

आसन् (āsan) - they appeared (in conjunction with prāduḥ) (they were, they existed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past (imperfect) (laṅ) of as

Imperfect

3rd person plural

Root: as (class 2)

भयानकाः (bhayānakāḥ) - terrifying, dreadful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhayānaka

bhayānaka - terrifying, dreadful, frightful

From `bhaya` (fear) + `anaka` (suffix)

Root: bhī (class 3)