महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-29, verse-2

ततो गान्धारराजस्य सुतौ परपुरंजयौ ।
आर्छेतामर्जुनं संख्ये भ्रातरौ वृषकाचलौ ॥२॥

2. tato gāndhārarājasya sutau parapuraṁjayau ,
ārchetāmarjunaṁ saṁkhye bhrātarau vṛṣakācalau.

2. tataḥ gāndhārarājasya sutau parapurañjayau |
ārcethām arjunam saṃkhye bhrātarau vṛṣakācalau

2. tataḥ gāndhārarājasya sutau bhrātarau vṛṣakācalau parapurañjayau saṃkhye arjunam ārcethām.

2. Then, the two sons of the Gandhara king, the brothers Vrishaka and Achala, who were conquerors of enemy cities, advanced towards Arjuna in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• गान्धारराजस्य (gāndhārarājasya) - of the king of Gandhara

• सुतौ (sutau) - two sons

• परपुरञ्जयौ (parapurañjayau) - two conquerors of enemy cities

• आर्छेथाम् (ārchethām) - they (two) reached, they attacked

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in combat

• भ्रातरौ (bhrātarau) - two brothers

• वृषकाचलौ (vṛṣakācalau) - Vrishaka and Achala

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

From pronoun tad.

गान्धारराजस्य (gāndhārarājasya) - of the king of Gandhara

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gāndhārarāja

gāndhārarāja - king of Gandhara

Tatpurusha compound: gāndhāra (Gandhara) + rāja (king).

Compound type : tatpurusha (gāndhāra+rāja)

• gāndhāra – Gandhara (an ancient kingdom and its people)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root rāj (to rule).
  Root: rāj (class 1)

सुतौ (sutau) - two sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of suta

suta - son, born

Past Passive Participle (from sū to beget, generate)

Formed from root sū + kta suffix.

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Refers to Vrishaka and Achala.

परपुरञ्जयौ (parapurañjayau) - two conquerors of enemy cities

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of parapurañjaya

parapurañjaya - conqueror of enemy cities/forts

Tatpurusha compound: para (enemy) + pura (city) + jaya (conqueror, from ji).

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+pura+jaya)

• para – other, enemy, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
• pura – city, fortress, stronghold
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pṛ
• jaya – conquering, victory, conqueror
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  From root ji (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sutau'.

आर्छेथाम् (ārchethām) - they (two) reached, they attacked

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ṛch

Imperfect tense, 3rd person, dual, active voice.

With augment ā- (from ṛ to ār) and active ending -tām.

Root: ṛch (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'sutau'.

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince), white, silver

Root: ṛj

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of saṃkhyā

saṁkhyā - battle, combat, number, calculation

From saṃ-khyā (to count, reckon; or to contend).

Prefix: sam

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Specifies location of action.

भ्रातरौ (bhrātarau) - two brothers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Masculine noun, r-stem.

Root: bhrāj (class 1)

Note: Refers to Vrishaka and Achala.

वृषकाचलौ (vṛṣakācalau) - Vrishaka and Achala

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vṛṣakācala

vṛṣakācala - Vrishaka and Achala (names of two individuals)

Dvandva compound of vṛṣaka and acala.

Compound type : dvandva (vṛṣaka+acala)

• vṛṣaka – Vrishaka (proper name), a bull, a male
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛṣ
• acala – Achala (proper name), immovable, mountain
  proper noun (masculine)
  a (not) + cala (moving).
  Prefix: a
  Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sutau' and 'bhrātarau'.