महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-168, verse-32

नृशंसः स मयाक्रम्य रथ एव निपातितः ।
तन्माभिनन्द्यं बीभत्सो किमर्थं नाभिनन्दसे ॥३२॥

32. nṛśaṁsaḥ sa mayākramya ratha eva nipātitaḥ ,
tanmābhinandyaṁ bībhatso kimarthaṁ nābhinandase.

32. nṛśaṃsaḥ sa mayā ākramya rathaḥ eva nipātitaḥ tat
mā abhinandyam bībhātso kim artham na abhinandase

32. sa nṛśaṃsaḥ mayā rathaḥ eva ākramya nipātitaḥ tat
abhinandyam bībhātso kim artham na abhinandase

32. That cruel man was struck down by me, directly on his chariot, after I attacked him. Therefore, this deed should be celebrated, O Bhībhātsu (Arjuna); why do you not celebrate it?

Words meanings summery:

• नृशंसः (nṛśaṁsaḥ) - the cruel Jayadratha (cruel, wicked, savage, murderous)

• स (sa) - that one (Jayadratha) (he, that)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having attacked, having assaulted, having overcome

• रथः (rathaḥ) - on his chariot (chariot)

• एव (eva) - directly, right on (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - struck down, killed, felled

• तत् (tat) - therefore, concerning that (that, therefore, then)

• मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

• अभिनन्द्यम् (abhinandyam) - to be praised, to be applauded, to be celebrated

• बीभात्सो (bībhātso) - O Arjuna! (one who loathes or is terrible) (O Bhībhātsu! (epithet for Arjuna))

• किम् (kim) - why (what, why)

• अर्थम् (artham) - for what purpose, why (purpose, reason, object, for the sake of)

• न (na) - not

• अभिनन्दसे (abhinandase) - you praise, you celebrate, you applaud

Words meanings and morphology

नृशंसः (nṛśaṁsaḥ) - the cruel Jayadratha (cruel, wicked, savage, murderous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛśaṃsa

nṛśaṁsa - cruel, wicked, savage, murderous, inhuman

स (sa) - that one (Jayadratha) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having attacked, having assaulted, having overcome

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root kram with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: kram (class 1)

रथः (rathaḥ) - on his chariot (chariot)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: Used adverbially to indicate location, 'on his chariot'.

एव (eva) - directly, right on (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - struck down, killed, felled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nipātita

nipātita - struck down, killed, felled, caused to fall

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pat (to fall) with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

तत् (tat) - therefore, concerning that (that, therefore, then)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it, therefore

Note: Used here adverbially, 'therefore' or 'concerning that'.

मा (mā) - do not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often combined with the verb it negates, as in nābhinandase (na abhinandase).

अभिनन्द्यम् (abhinandyam) - to be praised, to be applauded, to be celebrated

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abhinandya

abhinandya - to be praised, to be applauded, to be celebrated, praiseworthy

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Derived from root nand (to rejoice, praise) with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: nand (class 1)

बीभात्सो (bībhātso) - O Arjuna! (one who loathes or is terrible) (O Bhībhātsu! (epithet for Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bībhātsu

bībhātsu - terrible, disgusting, abhorrent; (as a proper noun) an epithet of Arjuna

किम् (kim) - why (what, why)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an interrogative adverb here.

अर्थम् (artham) - for what purpose, why (purpose, reason, object, for the sake of)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, object, cause, reason

Note: Often used adverbially in accusative singular to mean 'for the sake of', 'on account of'. Here, it forms part of the interrogative phrase 'kim artham' (why).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अभिनन्दसे (abhinandase) - you praise, you celebrate, you applaud

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present indicative (lat) of abhi-√nand

Present tense, ātmanepada, 2nd person singular

Prefix: abhi

Root: nand (class 1)