महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-147, verse-30

ततस्तौ पुरुषव्याघ्रावुभौ माधवपाण्डवौ ।
द्रोणकर्णौ समासाद्य धिष्ठितौ रणमूर्धनि ॥३०॥

30. tatastau puruṣavyāghrāvubhau mādhavapāṇḍavau ,
droṇakarṇau samāsādya dhiṣṭhitau raṇamūrdhani.

30. tataḥ tau puruṣavyāghrau ubhau mādhavapāṇḍavau
droṇakarṇau samāsādya dhiṣṭhitau raṇamūrdhani

30. tataḥ ubhau puruṣavyāghrau tau mādhavapāṇḍavau
droṇakarṇau samāsādya raṇamūrdhani dhiṣṭhitau

30. Then, those two tiger-like men (puruṣavyāghra), both Mādhava (Krishna) and the Pāṇḍava (Arjuna), having approached Droṇa and Karṇa, took up their positions at the forefront of the battle.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• तौ (tau) - those two

• पुरुषव्याघ्रौ (puruṣavyāghrau) - two tiger-like men, two excellent men

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• माधवपाण्डवौ (mādhavapāṇḍavau) - Mādhava and Pāṇḍava (Krishna and Arjuna)

• द्रोणकर्णौ (droṇakarṇau) - Droṇa and Karṇa

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having reached, having attained

• धिष्ठितौ (dhiṣṭhitau) - positioned, stood, stationed

• रणमूर्धनि (raṇamūrdhani) - at the forefront of the battle, at the head of the battle

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पुरुषव्याघ्रौ (puruṣavyāghrau) - two tiger-like men, two excellent men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - a tiger-like man, an excellent man (a man who is a tiger among men)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger, best of its kind, eminent
  noun (masculine)

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

माधवपाण्डवौ (mādhavapāṇḍavau) - Mādhava and Pāṇḍava (Krishna and Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mādhavapāṇḍava

mādhavapāṇḍava - Mādhava (Krishna) and a Pāṇḍava (Arjuna is usually implied in such dual compounds with Krishna)

Compound type : dvandva (mādhava+pāṇḍava)

• mādhava – descendant of Madhu, name of Krishna
  proper noun (masculine)
• pāṇḍava – descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu (here, Arjuna)
  proper noun (masculine)
  patronymic from Pāṇḍu

द्रोणकर्णौ (droṇakarṇau) - Droṇa and Karṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of droṇakarṇa

droṇakarṇa - Droṇa and Karṇa (two prominent warriors in the Mahābhārata)

Compound type : dvandva (droṇa+karṇa)

• droṇa – Droṇa (name of the royal guru to the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• karṇa – Karṇa (name of a great warrior in the Mahābhārata, son of Sūrya and Kuntī)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'samāsādya'.

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having approached, having reached, having attained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'sad' (to sit, approach) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

धिष्ठितौ (dhiṣṭhitau) - positioned, stood, stationed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of dhiṣṭhita

dhiṣṭhita - standing on, situated, placed, positioned, fixed, firm

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'adhi' (adhi > dhi when sandhi rules apply)

Prefix: adhi

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mādhavapāṇḍavau'.

रणमूर्धनि (raṇamūrdhani) - at the forefront of the battle, at the head of the battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇamūrdhan

raṇamūrdhan - the head or forefront of battle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (raṇa+mūrdhan)

• raṇa – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• mūrdhan – head, top, forefront, summit
  noun (masculine)