महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-147, verse-3

भवद्भ्यामिह संग्रामो क्रुद्धाभ्यां संप्रवर्तितः ।
आहवे निहतं दृष्ट्वा सैन्धवं सव्यसाचिना ॥३॥

3. bhavadbhyāmiha saṁgrāmo kruddhābhyāṁ saṁpravartitaḥ ,
āhave nihataṁ dṛṣṭvā saindhavaṁ savyasācinā.

3. bhavadbhyām iha saṃgrāmaḥ kruddhābhyām sam-pravartitaḥ
āhave nihatam dṛṣṭvā saindhavam savyasācinā

3. iha,
kruddhābhyām bhavadbhyām saṃgrāmaḥ saṃpravartitaḥ.
(tathāpi) savyasācinā saindhavam āhave nihatam dṛṣṭvā (kim phalam asti)?

3. Here, this battle (saṃgrāma) was instigated (saṃpravartita) by both of you (bhavadbhyām), who were angry (kruddhābhyām). Yet, (what use is it) having seen (dṛṣṭvā) Saindhava (Jayadratha) killed (nihata) in battle (āhave) by Savyasācin (Arjuna)?

Words meanings summery:

• भवद्भ्याम् (bhavadbhyām) - by Droṇa and Karṇa (by both of you (your honors))

• इह (iha) - in this battle, in this situation (here, in this world/place)

• संग्रामः (saṁgrāmaḥ) - battle, war, conflict

• क्रुद्धाभ्याम् (kruddhābhyām) - by both Droṇa and Karṇa, who are angry (by the two angry ones)

• सम्-प्रवर्तितः (sam-pravartitaḥ) - started, set in motion, initiated

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

• निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, struck down, destroyed

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• सैन्धवम् (saindhavam) - Jayadratha (king of Sindhu) (of the Sindhu king, relating to Sindhu)

• सव्यसाचिना (savyasācinā) - by Arjuna (by the ambidextrous one, by Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

भवद्भ्याम् (bhavadbhyām) - by Droṇa and Karṇa (by both of you (your honors))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of bhavant

bhavant - your honor, you (polite address), being, existing

Present Active Participle (when meaning 'being')

Instrumental dual of 'bhavant'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agent of the passive verb `saṃpravartitaḥ`.

इह (iha) - in this battle, in this situation (here, in this world/place)

(indeclinable)

संग्रामः (saṁgrāmaḥ) - battle, war, conflict

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, conflict, fight

From prefix sam- and root √gram (to go, walk).

Prefix: sam

Root: gram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive verb `saṃpravartitaḥ`.

क्रुद्धाभ्याम् (kruddhābhyām) - by both Droṇa and Karṇa, who are angry (by the two angry ones)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, wrathful

Past Passive Participle

From root √krudh (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Used adjectivally.

सम्-प्रवर्तितः (sam-pravartitaḥ) - started, set in motion, initiated

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃpravartita

saṁpravartita - started, set in motion, initiated, caused to proceed

Past Passive Participle

From prefixes sam- and pra- and root √vṛt (to turn, proceed), causative stem.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Predicate.

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, war, combat, conflict

From prefix ā- and root √hu (to offer, sacrifice - but here 'to contend').

Prefix: ā

Root: hu (class 3)

निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, struck down, destroyed

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed, wounded

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ni- and root √han (to strike, kill).

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सैन्धवम् (saindhavam) - Jayadratha (king of Sindhu) (of the Sindhu king, relating to Sindhu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - relating to Sindhu, an inhabitant of Sindhu, a horse from Sindhu, King Jayadratha

Derived from Sindhu (the river/region/people).

सव्यसाचिना (savyasācinā) - by Arjuna (by the ambidextrous one, by Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of savyasācin

savyasācin - ambidextrous, one who can use both hands equally (especially in archery), Arjuna

Compound of 'savya' (left) and 'sācin' (shooter/archer). An epithet for Arjuna.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (savya+sācin)

• savya – left, left hand
  adjective (masculine)
• sācin – shooter, thrower, one who shoots
  noun (masculine)
  Element in compound 'savyasācin' specifically referring to a shooter or archer.

Note: Agent of the passive participle `nihatam`.