महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-147, verse-21

द्रवमाणं तु तत्सैन्यं द्रोणकर्णौ महारथौ ।
जघ्नतुः पृष्ठतो राजन्किरन्तौ सायकान्बहून् ॥२१॥

21. dravamāṇaṁ tu tatsainyaṁ droṇakarṇau mahārathau ,
jaghnatuḥ pṛṣṭhato rājankirantau sāyakānbahūn.

21. dravamāṇam tu tat sainyam droṇakarṇau mahārathau
jaghnatuḥ pṛṣṭhataḥ rājan kirantau sāyakān bahūn

21. rājan tu droṇakarṇau mahārathau tat dravamāṇam
sainyam pṛṣṭhataḥ bahūn sāyakān kirantau jaghnatuḥ

21. O King, the two great charioteers, Droṇa and Karṇa, struck that fleeing army from behind, showering many arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रवमाणम् (dravamāṇam) - that which is fleeing (qualifying 'sainyam') (fleeing, running, flowing)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• तत् (tat) - that

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

• द्रोणकर्णौ (droṇakarṇau) - Drona and Karna

• महारथौ (mahārathau) - two great charioteers, two mighty warriors

• जघ्नतुः (jaghnatuḥ) - they (two) struck, they (two) killed

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, at the back

• राजन् (rājan) - O Dhritarashtra! (O King!)

• किरन्तौ (kirantau) - scattering, showering, throwing

• सायकान् (sāyakān) - arrows, missiles

• बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

Words meanings and morphology

द्रवमाणम् (dravamāṇam) - that which is fleeing (qualifying 'sainyam') (fleeing, running, flowing)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dravamāṇa

dravamāṇa - running, flowing, fleeing

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

From root dru (to run, flee) with present participle suffix -māna.

Root: dru (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force

Derived from 'senā' (army).

Note: Object of the verb 'jaghnatuḥ'.

द्रोणकर्णौ (droṇakarṇau) - Drona and Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of droṇakarṇa

droṇakarṇa - Drona and Karna (a dvandva compound of two proper nouns)

Compound type : dvandva (droṇa+karṇa)

• droṇa – Drona (a proper name, guru of the Kauravas and Pandavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• karṇa – Karna (a proper name, half-brother of the Pandavas, ally of Duryodhana)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the dual verb 'jaghnatuḥ'.

महारथौ (mahārathau) - two great charioteers, two mighty warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior, one capable of fighting 10,000 warriors

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (especially one who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'droṇakarṇau'.

जघ्नतुः (jaghnatuḥ) - they (two) struck, they (two) killed

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past perfect (liṭ) of han

Perfect Third Person Dual

From root han (2nd class), perfect tense. Reduplicated form.

Root: han (class 2)

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - from behind, at the back

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'pṛṣṭha' (back) with the suffix -tas.

राजन् (rājan) - O Dhritarashtra! (O King!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

किरन्तौ (kirantau) - scattering, showering, throwing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kirant

kirant - scattering, showering, throwing

Present Active Participle

From root kṛ (to scatter, throw) with present participle suffix -at.

Root: kṛ (class 6)

सायकान् (sāyakān) - arrows, missiles

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, missile, dart

Derived from root so (to sharpen, to hurl).

Root: so (class 4)

बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous, abundant