महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-147, verse-10

तथैव सहिताः पार्थाः स्वेन सैन्येन संवृताः ।
अभ्यवर्तन्त तौ वीरौ नर्दमानौ मुहुर्मुहुः ॥१०॥

10. tathaiva sahitāḥ pārthāḥ svena sainyena saṁvṛtāḥ ,
abhyavartanta tau vīrau nardamānau muhurmuhuḥ.

10. tathā eva sahitāḥ pārthāḥ svena sainyena saṃvṛtāḥ
abhyavartanta tau vīrau nardamānau muhuḥ muhuḥ

10. tathā eva svena sainyena sahitāḥ saṃvṛtāḥ pārthāḥ
nardamānau tau vīrau muhuḥ muhuḥ abhyavartanta

10. Similarly, the Pārthas, accompanied and surrounded by their own army, advanced towards those two heroes, who were roaring repeatedly.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• एव (eva) - even, indeed, just, certainly

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied, united, together

• पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas and their allies (the Pārthas, sons of Pṛthā)

• स्वेन (svena) - by their own

• सैन्येन (sainyena) - by the army

• संवृताः (saṁvṛtāḥ) - surrounded, covered, enveloped

• अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - they turned towards, they advanced, they attacked

• तौ (tau) - (Duryodhana and Karṇa) (those two)

• वीरौ (vīrau) - (Duryodhana and Karṇa) (two heroes, two brave ones)

• नर्दमानौ (nardamānau) - roaring, shouting (two persons)

• मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly, again and again, instantly

• मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly, again and again, instantly

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - even, indeed, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'tathā'

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied, united, together

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, united with, together with

Past Passive Participle

from sa-hita (joined with); √dhā (to place)

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'Pārthāḥ'

पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the Pāṇḍavas and their allies (the Pārthas, sons of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), name for the Pāṇḍavas

patronymic from Pṛthā

स्वेन (svena) - by their own

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own

Note: Agrees with 'sainyena'

सैन्येन (sainyena) - by the army

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military

derived from senā (army)

संवृताः (saṁvṛtāḥ) - surrounded, covered, enveloped

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, surrounded, enveloped, enclosed

Past Passive Participle

from sam-√vṛ (to cover, enclose)

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'Pārthāḥ'

अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - they turned towards, they advanced, they attacked

(verb)

3rd person , plural, ātmanepada, imperfect (laṅ) of abhyāvṛt

imperfect tense

from abhi-ā-√vṛt (to turn)

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तौ (tau) - (Duryodhana and Karṇa) (those two)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: object of 'abhyavartanta'

वीरौ (vīrau) - (Duryodhana and Karṇa) (two heroes, two brave ones)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'tau'

नर्दमानौ (nardamānau) - roaring, shouting (two persons)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of nardamāna

nardamāna - roaring, shouting, bellowing

Present Participle

from √nard (to roar, shout) + śānac (ātmanepada present participle suffix)

Root: nard (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tau vīrau'

मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly, again and again, instantly

(indeclinable)

मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly, again and again, instantly

(indeclinable)