महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-147, verse-2

अभ्येत्य सहसा कर्णं द्रोणं च जयतां वरम् ।
अमर्षवशमापन्नो वाक्यज्ञो वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥२॥

2. abhyetya sahasā karṇaṁ droṇaṁ ca jayatāṁ varam ,
amarṣavaśamāpanno vākyajño vākyamabravīt.

2. abhyetya sahasā karṇam droṇam ca jayatām varam
amarṣa-vaśam āpannaḥ vākyajñaḥ vākyam abravīt

2. (saḥ) sahasā karṇam ca droṇam jayatām varam abhyetya,
amarṣa-vaśam āpannaḥ vākyajñaḥ (san) vākyam abravīt.

2. Having quickly approached (abhyetya) Karṇa and Droṇa, the best among conquerors (jayatāṃ varam), he (Duryodhana), being overcome by indignation (amarṣavaśamāpanna) and skilled in speech (vākyajña), spoke these words (vākyam abravīt).

Words meanings summery:

• अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached, having gone towards

• सहसा (sahasā) - quickly, suddenly, forcibly

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa

• च (ca) - and, also

• जयताम् (jayatām) - of conquerors, of victors

• वरम् (varam) - best, excellent

• अमर्ष-वशम् (amarṣa-vaśam) - sway of indignation, power of impatience

• आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - overcome by indignation (obtained, reached, fallen into, overcome)

• वाक्यज्ञः (vākyajñaḥ) - knowing speech, skilled in words

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech, statement

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

अभ्येत्य (abhyetya) - having approached, having gone towards

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From prefix abhi- and root √i (to go), with suffix -tya (used with prefixes).

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

सहसा (sahasā) - quickly, suddenly, forcibly

(indeclinable)

Instrumental form used as an adverb.

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper noun); ear

Note: Object of `abhyetya`.

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (proper noun); a measure of grain

Note: Object of `abhyetya`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

जयताम् (jayatām) - of conquerors, of victors

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jayat

jayat - conquering, victorious, a conqueror

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √ji (to conquer, win).

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Used in `jayatāṃ varam` (best of conquerors).

वरम् (varam) - best, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, superior, a boon, a choice

Note: Agrees with Droṇa/Karṇa in accusative, forming the phrase 'best among conquerors'.

अमर्ष-वशम् (amarṣa-vaśam) - sway of indignation, power of impatience

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amarṣa-vaśa

amarṣa-vaśa - sway of indignation, power of impatience

Compound of 'amarṣa' (indignation) and 'vaśa' (control, sway).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amarṣa+vaśa)

• amarṣa – indignation, impatience, intolerance, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  From a- + √mṛṣ (to bear, endure).
  Prefix: a
  Root: mṛṣ (class 1)
• vaśa – will, power, control, sway
  noun (masculine)
  From √vaś (to wish, to control).
  Root: vaś (class 2)

Note: Object of `āpannaḥ`.

आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - overcome by indignation (obtained, reached, fallen into, overcome)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - obtained, reached, fallen into, overcome, having attained

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ā- and root √pad (to go, fall).

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Used predicatively, often translates as 'having become'.

वाक्यज्ञः (vākyajñaḥ) - knowing speech, skilled in words

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vākyajña

vākyajña - knowing speech, skilled in words, eloquent

Compound of 'vākya' (speech) and 'jña' (knower).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vākya+jña)

• vākya – speech, words, sentence, statement
  noun (neuter)
  From √vac (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject (Duryodhana).

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, words, sentence, statement

From √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of `abravīt`.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √brū

Imperfect Active

Imperfect 3rd person singular form of √brū.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The subject is the implied Duryodhana.