महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-126, verse-8

अवध्यं निहतं दृष्ट्वा संयुगे देवमानुषैः ।
तदैवाज्ञासिषमहं नेयमस्तीति भारती ॥८॥

8. avadhyaṁ nihataṁ dṛṣṭvā saṁyuge devamānuṣaiḥ ,
tadaivājñāsiṣamahaṁ neyamastīti bhāratī.

8. avadhyam nihatam dṛṣṭvā saṃyuge devamānuṣaiḥ
tadā eva ajñāsiṣam aham na iyam asti iti bhāratī

8. aham avadhyam devamānuṣaiḥ saṃyuge nihatam dṛṣṭvā
tadā eva iyam bhāratī na asti iti ajñāsiṣam

8. Seeing him, who was considered unkillable, slain in battle by gods and men, I then knew at that very moment that this fortune of the Bhāratas (Bhāratī) would not endure.

Words meanings summery:

• अवध्यम् (avadhyam) - unkillable, not to be killed, inviolable

• निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, struck down, slain

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict, in union

• देवमानुषैः (devamānuṣaiḥ) - by gods and men, by divine and human beings

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, certainly, at that very moment

• अज्ञासिषम् (ajñāsiṣam) - I knew, I realized, I understood

• अहम् (aham) - I

• न (na) - not

• इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating direct speech or thought

• भारती (bhāratī) - The fortune or prosperity of the Bhāratas, implying their future. (the fortune of the Bhāratas, the race of the Bhāratas, the land of Bhārata)

Words meanings and morphology

अवध्यम् (avadhyam) - unkillable, not to be killed, inviolable

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avadhya

avadhya - not to be killed, unkillable, inviolable

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From root vadh (to kill) with negative prefix a- and suffix -ya (potential passive participle).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vadhya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• vadhya – to be killed, killable
  adjective
  Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)
  From root vadh (to kill) with suffix -ya.
  Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with an implied object, likely 'him' (referring to Karṇa).

निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, struck down, slain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, slain

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with an implied object, likely 'him' (referring to Karṇa).

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict, in union

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, conflict, union

देवमानुषैः (devamānuṣaiḥ) - by gods and men, by divine and human beings

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of devamānuṣa

devamānuṣa - gods and men, divine and human beings

Compound type : dvandva (deva+mānuṣa)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• mānuṣa – man, human
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used as an agent for the passive action of 'killed'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - just, only, indeed, certainly, at that very moment

(indeclinable)

अज्ञासिषम् (ajñāsiṣam) - I knew, I realized, I understood

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of jñā

Aorist

Root jñā (class 9) forms the Aorist (luṅ) with the -s- infix and augment a-.

Root: jñā (class 9)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'Bhāratī'.

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Indicative

Root as (class 2) forms the Present Indicative (laṭ) for the third person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating direct speech or thought

(indeclinable)

भारती (bhāratī) - The fortune or prosperity of the Bhāratas, implying their future. (the fortune of the Bhāratas, the race of the Bhāratas, the land of Bhārata)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāratī

bhāratī - relating to Bhārata, a woman of the Bhāratas, speech, the goddess Sarasvatī, the fortune of the Bhāratas