महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-126, verse-5

द्रोणस्तु तद्वचः श्रुत्वा पुत्रस्य तव दुर्मनाः ।
मुहूर्तमिव तु ध्यात्वा भृशमार्तोऽभ्यभाषत ॥५॥

5. droṇastu tadvacaḥ śrutvā putrasya tava durmanāḥ ,
muhūrtamiva tu dhyātvā bhṛśamārto'bhyabhāṣata.

5. droṇaḥ tu tat vacaḥ śrutvā putrasya tava durmanāḥ
muhūrtam iva tu dhyātvā bhṛśam ārtaḥ abhyabhāṣata

5. tu droṇaḥ tava putrasya tat vacaḥ śrutvā durmanāḥ (san),
muhūrtam iva dhyātvā,
bhṛśam ārtaḥ abhyabhāṣata.

5. But Droṇa, upon hearing that speech from your son, became distressed in mind. Having pondered for a moment, he then spoke, greatly pained.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• तत् (tat) - that, his

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of the son

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - distressed in mind, dejected, sad

• मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment, for a short time

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• ध्यात्वा (dhyātvā) - having meditated, having pondered

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

• आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - distressed, pained, afflicted

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - he spoke to, he addressed

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of the guru)

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, his

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'vacaḥ'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech, saying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'śru' (to hear) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of the son

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

दुर्मनाः (durmanāḥ) - distressed in mind, dejected, sad

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmanas

durmanas - distressed in mind, ill-minded, sad

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dur+manas)

• dur – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, intellect
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'Droṇaḥ'.

मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment, for a short time

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, a short time (approx. 48 minutes), a division of time

Note: Used adverbially to denote duration.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

ध्यात्वा (dhyātvā) - having meditated, having pondered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'dhyai' (to meditate) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: dhyai (class 1)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

(indeclinable)

आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - distressed, pained, afflicted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārta

ārta - distressed, pained, afflicted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'ṛ' (to go, move, suffer) with suffix -ta.

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'Droṇaḥ'.

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - he spoke to, he addressed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of abhibhāṣ

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)