महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-126, verse-7

एतेनैवार्जुनं ज्ञातुमलं कौरव संयुगे ।
यच्छिखण्ड्यवधीद्भीष्मं पाल्यमानः किरीटिना ॥७॥

7. etenaivārjunaṁ jñātumalaṁ kaurava saṁyuge ,
yacchikhaṇḍyavadhīdbhīṣmaṁ pālyamānaḥ kirīṭinā.

7. etena eva arjunam jñātum alam kaurava saṃyuge
yat śikhaṇḍī avadhīt bhīṣmam pālyamānaḥ kirīṭinā

7. kaurava! etena eva saṃyuge arjunam jñātum alam yat kirīṭinā pālyamānaḥ śikhaṇḍī bhīṣmam avadhīt.

7. O Kaurava, by this act alone, it is enough to understand Arjuna's prowess in battle: that Shikhaṇḍī was able to slay Bhīṣma while being protected by Kirīṭin (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• एतेन (etena) - by this, by this one

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to know, to understand

• अलम् (alam) - enough, sufficient, capable

• कौरव (kaurava) - O Duryodhana (O Kaurava)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

• यत् (yat) - that, because

• शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Shikhaṇḍī

• अवधीत् (avadhīt) - he killed, he slew

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma

• पाल्यमानः (pālyamānaḥ) - being protected, being guarded

• किरीटिना (kirīṭinā) - by Kirīṭin (Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

एतेन (etena) - by this, by this one

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the context or implied event.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

(indeclinable)

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava hero)

ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to know, to understand

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed from root 'jñā' (to know) with the suffix -tum.

Root: jñā (class 9)

अलम् (alam) - enough, sufficient, capable

(indeclinable)

कौरव (kaurava) - O Duryodhana (O Kaurava)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, Kaurava

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, combat, war

Derived from root 'yuj' (to join) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

यत् (yat) - that, because

(indeclinable)

शिखण्डी (śikhaṇḍī) - Shikhaṇḍī

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Shikhaṇḍī (a warrior, born as a woman, later male)

अवधीत् (avadhīt) - he killed, he slew

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of vadha

Root: han (class 2)

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (name of the grand-uncle of the Kauravas and Pandavas)

पाल्यमानः (pālyamānaḥ) - being protected, being guarded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pālyamāna

pālyamāna - being protected, being nourished

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root 'pāl' (to protect, nourish) with the middle voice present participle suffix -yamāna.

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'śikhaṇḍī'.

किरीटिना (kirīṭinā) - by Kirīṭin (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kirīṭin

kirīṭin - one who wears a diadem or crown; Kirīṭin (epithet of Arjuna)

Derived from 'kirīṭa' (diadem) with the possessive suffix '-in'.