महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-88, verse-7

स नागप्रवरेणाजौ बलिना शीघ्रगामिना ।
यतो दुर्योधनरथस्तं मार्गं प्रत्यपद्यत ।
रथं च वारयामास कुञ्जरेण सुतस्य ते ॥७॥

7. sa nāgapravareṇājau balinā śīghragāminā ,
yato duryodhanarathastaṁ mārgaṁ pratyapadyata ,
rathaṁ ca vārayāmāsa kuñjareṇa sutasya te.

7. saḥ nāgapravareṇa ājau balinā
śīghragāminā yataḥ duryodhanarathaḥ
tam mārgam pratyapadyata ratham ca
vārayāmāsa kuñjareṇa sutasya te

7. saḥ balinā śīghragāminā
nāgapravareṇa ājau te sutasya
duryodhanarathaḥ yataḥ tam mārgam
pratyapadyata ratham ca vārayāmāsa

7. With his mighty, swiftly moving, excellent elephant, he obstructed the path in battle where your son Duryodhana's chariot was proceeding.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (the king of Vanga) (he, that)

• नागप्रवरेण (nāgapravareṇa) - by the best of elephants

• आजौ (ājau) - in battle, in conflict

• बलिना (balinā) - by the mighty, by the powerful

• शीघ्रगामिना (śīghragāminā) - by the swiftly moving

• यतः (yataḥ) - where (indicating direction/location) (from where, where)

• दुर्योधनरथः (duryodhanarathaḥ) - Duryodhana's chariot

• तम् (tam) - that

• मार्गम् (mārgam) - path, way

• प्रत्यपद्यत (pratyapadyata) - was proceeding (on that path) (had taken, was proceeding)

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - he obstructed, he stopped

• कुञ्जरेण (kuñjareṇa) - by an elephant, with an elephant

• सुतस्य (sutasya) - of the son

• ते (te) - of your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of yours, to you)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (the king of Vanga) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the king of Vanga mentioned in the subsequent verse.

नागप्रवरेण (nāgapravareṇa) - by the best of elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nāgapravara

nāgapravara - best of elephants

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāga+pravara)

• nāga – elephant, serpent
  noun (masculine)
• pravara – chief, excellent, best
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: pra

Note: Used as the instrument by which the king obstructs the chariot.

आजौ (ājau) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āji

āji - battle, combat, conflict

बलिना (balinā) - by the mighty, by the powerful

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of balin

balin - mighty, powerful, strong

Note: Qualifies 'nāgapravareṇa'.

शीघ्रगामिना (śīghragāminā) - by the swiftly moving

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śīghragāmin

śīghragāmin - swift-moving, fast-going

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śīghra+gāmin)

• śīghra – swift, quick, fast
  adjective (masculine)
• gāmin – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective from root gam
  Suffix -in added to root gam
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'nāgapravareṇa'.

यतः (yataḥ) - where (indicating direction/location) (from where, where)

(indeclinable)

pronominal adverb from 'yad'

दुर्योधनरथः (duryodhanarathaḥ) - Duryodhana's chariot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhanaratha

duryodhanaratha - Duryodhana's chariot

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+ratha)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (name of a Kaurava prince)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies 'mārgam'.

मार्गम् (mārgam) - path, way

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, road, way

Note: Object of 'pratyapadyata' and 'vārayāmāsa'.

प्रत्यपद्यत (pratyapadyata) - was proceeding (on that path) (had taken, was proceeding)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratipad

Imperfect

Root pad (4th class) with prefix prati, Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: The subject is 'duryodhanarathaḥ'.

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Object of 'vārayāmāsa'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वारयामास (vārayāmāsa) - he obstructed, he stopped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vāraya

Periphrastic Perfect

Root vṛ (9th class) in causative (vāraya) + Periphrastic Perfect auxiliary (āmāsa), 3rd person singular

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Subject is 'saḥ'.

कुञ्जरेण (kuñjareṇa) - by an elephant, with an elephant

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant

Note: Refers to the king's own elephant, already mentioned by 'nāgapravareṇa'.

सुतस्य (sutasya) - of the son

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son

Note: Qualifies 'duryodhanarathaḥ' (the chariot of the son).

ते (te) - of your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of yours, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the narrator's audience.