महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-88, verse-6

तामुद्यतामभिप्रेक्ष्य वङ्गानामधिपस्त्वरन् ।
कुञ्जरं गिरिसंकाशं राक्षसं प्रत्यचोदयत् ॥६॥

6. tāmudyatāmabhiprekṣya vaṅgānāmadhipastvaran ,
kuñjaraṁ girisaṁkāśaṁ rākṣasaṁ pratyacodayat.

6. tām udyatām abhiprekṣya vaṅgānām adhipaḥ tvaran
kuñjaram girisaṃkāśam rākṣasam pratyacodayat

6. vaṅgānām adhipaḥ tvaran tām udyatām abhiprekṣya,
girisaṃkāśam kuñjaram rākṣasam pratyacodayat.

6. Seeing that (śakti) raised, Bhagadatta, the lord of the Vaṅgas, quickly urged his mountain-like elephant towards the Rākṣasa.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that spear (śakti) (that (feminine))

• उद्यताम् (udyatām) - raised, lifted up

• अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, having perceived

• वङ्गानाम् (vaṅgānām) - of the Vaṅgas

• अधिपः (adhipaḥ) - King Bhagadatta (lord, ruler)

• त्वरन् (tvaran) - hurrying, quickly

• कुञ्जरम् (kuñjaram) - elephant

• गिरिसंकाशम् (girisaṁkāśam) - mountain-like, resembling a mountain

• राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - towards Alambusa (towards the Rākṣasa)

• प्रत्यचोदयत् (pratyacodayat) - he urged towards

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that spear (śakti) (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

Note: Refers to mahāśaktim (the great spear).

उद्यताम् (udyatām) - raised, lifted up

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of udyata

udyata - raised, lifted up, prepared

Past Passive Participle

From ut- (prefix) + yam (root) + kta (suffix)

Prefix: ut

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tām (referring to the spear).

अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From abhi- (prefix) + pra- (prefix) + īkṣ (root) + lyp (suffix)

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Absolutive, indicates prior action.

वङ्गानाम् (vaṅgānām) - of the Vaṅgas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vaṅga

vaṅga - the Vaṅgas (a people or region in ancient India, modern Bengal)

Note: Possessive, connected with adhipaḥ.

अधिपः (adhipaḥ) - King Bhagadatta (lord, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhipa

adhipa - lord, ruler, king

Compound of adhi- (prefix) + pā (root, to protect, rule).

Prefix: adhi

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Subject of pratyacodayat.

त्वरन् (tvaran) - hurrying, quickly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarat

tvarat - hurrying, hastening, quickly

Present Active Participle

From root tvar (1st class) + śatṛ (suffix)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Modifies adhipaḥ.

कुञ्जरम् (kuñjaram) - elephant

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant

Note: Object of pratyacodayat.

गिरिसंकाशम् (girisaṁkāśam) - mountain-like, resembling a mountain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of girisaṃkāśa

girisaṁkāśa - resembling a mountain, mountain-like

Compound of giri (mountain) and saṃkāśa (resembling, like).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+saṃkāśa)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• saṃkāśa – resembling, like, appearance
  adjective (masculine)
  From sam- (prefix) + kāś (root, to shine, appear).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with kuñjaram.

राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - towards Alambusa (towards the Rākṣasa)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, Rākṣasa

Note: Object of motion (implied by prati in pratyacodayat).

प्रत्यचोदयत् (pratyacodayat) - he urged towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of pracud

From prati- (prefix) + ā- (prefix) + cud (root) + ṇic (causative) + laṅ (imperfect).

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: cud (class 1)

Note: From root cud (1st class) with prefixes prati and ā.