महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-88, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
ततस्तद्बाणवर्षं तु दुःसहं दानवैरपि ।
दधार युधि राजेन्द्रो यथा वर्षं महाद्विपः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tatastadbāṇavarṣaṁ tu duḥsahaṁ dānavairapi ,
dadhāra yudhi rājendro yathā varṣaṁ mahādvipaḥ.

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca | tataḥ tat bāṇavarṣam tu duḥsaham dānavaiḥ
api | dadhāra yudhi rājendraḥ yathā varṣam mahādvipaḥ

1. saṃjayaḥ uvāca tataḥ yudhi rājendraḥ tu dānavaiḥ api duḥsaham tat bāṇavarṣam (tathā) dadhāra,
yathā mahādvipaḥ varṣam (dadhāra)

1. Sañjaya said: Then, the king among kings (Duryodhana) endured that shower of arrows, which was unbearable even for demons, in battle, just as a great elephant withstands a downpour.

Words meanings summery:

• संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• तत् (tat) - that

• बाणवर्षम् (bāṇavarṣam) - shower of arrows, volley of arrows

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, however

• दुःसहम् (duḥsaham) - unbearable, difficult to endure

• दानवैः (dānavaiḥ) - by demons, by Dānavas

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• दधार (dadhāra) - he held, he sustained, he endured

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

• राजेन्द्रः (rājendraḥ) - Duryodhana (as the king) (king among kings, paramount king)

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

• वर्षम् (varṣam) - rain, downpour

• महाद्विपः (mahādvipaḥ) - great elephant

Words meanings and morphology

संजयः (saṁjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer); victory, triumph

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of uvāca

perfect

3rd person singular perfect active of root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'bāṇavarṣam'

बाणवर्षम् (bāṇavarṣam) - shower of arrows, volley of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bāṇavarṣa

bāṇavarṣa - a shower of arrows, a rain of arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (bāṇa+varṣa)

• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower, year
  noun (neuter)
  From root vṛṣ (to rain)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

दुःसहम् (duḥsaham) - unbearable, difficult to endure

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duḥsaha

duḥsaha - difficult to bear, unbearable, formidable

Compound of duḥ- (bad, difficult) and saha (bearing, enduring)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dus+saha)

• dus – bad, ill, difficult
  indeclinable
• saha – bearing, enduring, tolerant
  adjective
  From root sah (to endure)
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bāṇavarṣam'

दानवैः (dānavaiḥ) - by demons, by Dānavas

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dānava

dānava - a demon, a son of Danu

Patronymic from Danu

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

दधार (dadhāra) - he held, he sustained, he endured

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of dadhāra

perfect

3rd person singular perfect active of root dhṛ (to hold)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, war, fight

From root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

राजेन्द्रः (rājendraḥ) - Duryodhana (as the king) (king among kings, paramount king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king among kings, paramount king, emperor

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, best (often used as a suffix in compounds to denote 'best among')
  noun (masculine)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

वर्षम् (varṣam) - rain, downpour

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of varṣa

varṣa - rain, shower, year

From root vṛṣ (to rain)

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

महाद्विपः (mahādvipaḥ) - great elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahādvipa

mahādvipa - a great elephant

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+dvipa)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• dvipa – elephant (literally 'drinking twice' - once with trunk, once with mouth)
  noun (masculine)