महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-69, verse-39

मुक्तकेशा विकवचा विरथाश्छिन्नकार्मुकाः ।
बाहुभिः समयुध्यन्त सृञ्जयाः कुरुभिः सह ॥३९॥

39. muktakeśā vikavacā virathāśchinnakārmukāḥ ,
bāhubhiḥ samayudhyanta sṛñjayāḥ kurubhiḥ saha.

39. muktakeśāḥ vikavacāḥ virathāḥ chinnakārmukāḥ
bāhubhiḥ samayudhyanta sṛñjayāḥ kurubhiḥ saha

39. muktakeśāḥ vikavacāḥ virathāḥ chinnakārmukāḥ
sṛñjayāḥ kurubhiḥ saha bāhubhiḥ samayudhyanta

39. The Sṛñjayas, with loosened hair, stripped of armor, without chariots, and with broken bows, fought with their arms against the Kurus.

Words meanings summery:

• मुक्तकेशाः (muktakeśāḥ) - Their hair disheveled from the intensity of battle. (with loosened hair, dishevelled hair)

• विकवचाः (vikavacāḥ) - Having lost or discarded their protective armor. (without armor, armor-less)

• विरथाः (virathāḥ) - Having lost or abandoned their chariots. (without chariots)

• छिन्नकार्मुकाः (chinnakārmukāḥ) - Their bows having been cut or broken. (with broken bows)

• बाहुभिः (bāhubhiḥ) - Fighting hand-to-hand using their bare arms. (with arms, by means of arms)

• समयुध्यन्त (samayudhyanta) - they fought, they battled

• सृञ्जयाः (sṛñjayāḥ) - Specific warriors fighting in the Mahābhārata war. (the Sṛñjayas (a warrior tribe allied with the Pandavas))

• कुरुभिः (kurubhiḥ) - The opponents, the Kauravas and their allies. (with the Kurus)

• सह (saha) - with, together with

Words meanings and morphology

मुक्तकेशाः (muktakeśāḥ) - Their hair disheveled from the intensity of battle. (with loosened hair, dishevelled hair)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muktakeśa

muktakeśa - having loosened hair

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mukta+keśa)

• mukta – loosened, released, free
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'muc' (to release, loosen) + 'kta' (ta) suffix.
  Root: muc (class 6)
• keśa – hair
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'sṛñjayāḥ'.

विकवचाः (vikavacāḥ) - Having lost or discarded their protective armor. (without armor, armor-less)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vikavaca

vikavaca - without armor, deprived of armor

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+kavaca)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating separation or negation.
• kavaca – armor, breastplate
  noun (masculine/neuter)

Note: Modifies 'sṛñjayāḥ'.

विरथाः (virathāḥ) - Having lost or abandoned their chariots. (without chariots)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viratha

viratha - without a chariot, dismounted from a chariot

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+ratha)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating separation or negation.
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'sṛñjayāḥ'.

छिन्नकार्मुकाः (chinnakārmukāḥ) - Their bows having been cut or broken. (with broken bows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of chinnakārmuka

chinnakārmuka - having a broken bow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chinna+kārmuka)

• chinna – cut, broken, divided
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'chid' (to cut, cleave) + 'kta' (ta) suffix.
  Root: chid (class 7)
• kārmuka – bow, made of wood (karmukavṛkṣa)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'sṛñjayāḥ'.

बाहुभिः (bāhubhiḥ) - Fighting hand-to-hand using their bare arms. (with arms, by means of arms)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāhu

bāhu - arm, fore-arm

Note: Indicates the means of fighting.

समयुध्यन्त (samayudhyanta) - they fought, they battled

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect past (laṅ) of samayudh

imperfect tense, 3rd person plural

From root 'yudh' (to fight) with prefix 'sam', middle voice.

Prefix: sam

Root: yudh (class 4)

सृञ्जयाः (sṛñjayāḥ) - Specific warriors fighting in the Mahābhārata war. (the Sṛñjayas (a warrior tribe allied with the Pandavas))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sṛñjaya

sṛñjaya - a specific tribe or lineage, often mentioned as allies of the Pāṇḍavas

Note: Subject of the sentence.

कुरुभिः (kurubhiḥ) - The opponents, the Kauravas and their allies. (with the Kurus)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - a member of the Kuru dynasty, often referring to the Kauravas

Note: Accompanied by 'saha'.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the instrumental case ('kurubhiḥ').