महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-69, verse-16

दुर्योधनस्तु दशभिर्गार्ध्रपत्रैः शिलाशितैः ।
भीमसेनं महेष्वासं रुक्मपुङ्खैः समर्पयत् ॥१६॥

16. duryodhanastu daśabhirgārdhrapatraiḥ śilāśitaiḥ ,
bhīmasenaṁ maheṣvāsaṁ rukmapuṅkhaiḥ samarpayat.

16. duryodhanaḥ tu daśabhiḥ gārdhrapatraiḥ śilāśitaiḥ
bhīmasenam maheṣv-āsam rukmapuṅkhaiḥ samarpayat

16. duryodhanaḥ tu daśabhiḥ śilāśitaiḥ gārdhrapatraiḥ
rukmapuṅkhaiḥ bhīmasenam maheṣv-āsam samarpayat

16. But Duryodhana, with ten arrows, feathered with vulture feathers, sharpened on stone, and golden-shafted, struck Bhimasena, the great archer.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper name))

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten (by ten, with ten)

• गार्ध्रपत्रैः (gārdhrapatraiḥ) - feathered with vulture feathers (with vulture feathers)

• शिलाशितैः (śilāśitaiḥ) - sharpened on stone

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhimasena (Bhimasena (proper name))

• महेष्व्-आसम् (maheṣv-āsam) - the great archer (a great archer, having a great bow)

• रुक्मपुङ्खैः (rukmapuṅkhaiḥ) - golden-shafted (with golden shafts/feathers)

• समर्पयत् (samarpayat) - struck (with arrows) (he directed, he offered, he delivered, he struck)

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

Compound: dur (bad, difficult) + yodhana (fighter, warrior). Meaning 'difficult to fight' (Bahuvrīhi).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix/adverb.
• yodhana – fighting, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root yudh (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of the verb 'samarpayat'.

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten (by ten, with ten)

(numeral)

Note: Modifies the implied arrows.

गार्ध्रपत्रैः (gārdhrapatraiḥ) - feathered with vulture feathers (with vulture feathers)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of gārdhrapatra

gārdhrapatra - feathered with vulture feathers

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gārdhra+patra)

• gārdhra – vulture, belonging to a vulture
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from gṛdhra (vulture).
• patra – leaf, feather, wing
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied arrows.

शिलाशितैः (śilāśitaiḥ) - sharpened on stone

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śilāśita

śilāśita - sharpened on stone, whetted on rock

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śilā+śita)

• śilā – stone, rock
  noun (feminine)
• śita – sharpened, keen, whetted
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śo/śā (to sharpen, whet).
  Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the implied arrows.

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhimasena (Bhimasena (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (name of the second Pāṇḍava prince)

Compound: bhīma (terrible) + sena (army, host). Meaning 'one with a terrible army' (Bahuvrīhi).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+sena)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root bhī (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• sena – army, host, weapon
  noun (masculine)
  Root: si (class 5)

Note: Direct object of 'samarpayat'.

महेष्व्-आसम् (maheṣv-āsam) - the great archer (a great archer, having a great bow)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheṣv-āsa

maheṣv-āsa - great archer, possessing a great bow

Bahuvrīhi compound: mahā (great) + iṣvāsa (bow). Meaning 'one who has a great bow'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+iṣvāsa)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• iṣvāsa – bow (literally 'arrow-thrower')
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of iṣu (arrow) + āsa (throwing, bow).
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Qualifies Bhimasena.

रुक्मपुङ्खैः (rukmapuṅkhaiḥ) - golden-shafted (with golden shafts/feathers)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of rukmapuṅkha

rukmapuṅkha - golden-shafted, having golden feathers/shafts

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rukma+puṅkha)

• rukma – gold, golden, splendid
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ruc (class 1)
• puṅkha – shaft (of an arrow), feathered part of an arrow
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies the implied arrows.

समर्पयत् (samarpayat) - struck (with arrows) (he directed, he offered, he delivered, he struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of sam-arpaya

Causative

Imperfect tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular, causative of root ṛ (to go) with prefix sam- and ar- (causative of ṛ).

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Action verb, main predicate.