महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-69, verse-15

द्रौणिं त्यक्त्वा ततो युद्धे कौन्तेयः शत्रुतापनः ।
युयुधे तावकान्निघ्नंस्त्वरमाणः पराक्रमी ॥१५॥

15. drauṇiṁ tyaktvā tato yuddhe kaunteyaḥ śatrutāpanaḥ ,
yuyudhe tāvakānnighnaṁstvaramāṇaḥ parākramī.

15. drauṇim tyaktvā tataḥ yuddhe kaunteyaḥ śatrutāpanaḥ
yuyudhe tāvakān nighnan tvaramāṇaḥ parākramī

15. tataḥ yuddhe śatrutāpanaḥ parākramī kaunteyaḥ
drauṇim tyaktvā tvaramāṇaḥ tāvakān nighnan yuyudhe

15. Then, in battle, the tormentor of enemies, the mighty son of Kunti (Arjuna), leaving Drona's son, fought swiftly, striking down your (Duryodhana's) warriors.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रौणिम् (drauṇim) - Drona's son (Aśvatthāmā) (son of Droṇa)

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - leaving (having abandoned, having left, having given up)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - son of Kunti (Arjuna) (son of Kunti)

• शत्रुतापनः (śatrutāpanaḥ) - who torments his enemies (tormentor of enemies)

• युयुधे (yuyudhe) - fought (he fought)

• तावकान् (tāvakān) - your (Duryodhana's) warriors (your (people), belonging to you)

• निघ्नन् (nighnan) - striking down (striking down, killing)

• त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - swiftly (hastening, hurrying, swiftly moving)

• पराक्रमी (parākramī) - mighty (valorous, mighty, powerful)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रौणिम् (drauṇim) - Drona's son (Aśvatthāmā) (son of Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāmā

Patronymic from Droṇa.

Note: Object of 'tyaktvā'.

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - leaving (having abandoned, having left, having given up)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root tyaj (to abandon) + -tvā suffix for absolutive.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Gerund indicating prior action.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Note: Temporal adverb.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Specifies the location/circumstance.

कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - son of Kunti (Arjuna) (son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti (Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna)

Patronymic from Kuntī.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

शत्रुतापनः (śatrutāpanaḥ) - who torments his enemies (tormentor of enemies)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatrutāpana

śatrutāpana - tormentor of enemies, oppressor of foes

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+tāpana)

• śatru – enemy, foe, adversary
  noun (masculine)
• tāpana – heating, tormenting, causing pain, tormentor
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun / adjective from causative
  From root tap (to heat, torment) with suffix -ana.
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Kaunteya.

युयुधे (yuyudhe) - fought (he fought)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of yudh

Perfect tense, Atmanepada, 3rd person singular.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

तावकान् (tāvakān) - your (Duryodhana's) warriors (your (people), belonging to you)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, belonging to you (plural, referring to Duryodhana's side)

Possessive adjective derived from 'tvad' (you).

Note: Object of 'nighnan'.

निघ्नन् (nighnan) - striking down (striking down, killing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nighnat

nighnat - striking, killing, slaying

Present Active Participle

From root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Describes Arjuna's action while fighting.

त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - swiftly (hastening, hurrying, swiftly moving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvaramāṇa

tvaramāṇa - hastening, hurrying, quick, swift

Present Middle Participle

From root tvar (to hurry).

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Describes Arjuna's manner of fighting.

पराक्रमी (parākramī) - mighty (valorous, mighty, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parākramin

parākramin - valiant, powerful, energetic, mighty

From prefix parā- and root kram (to step, go).

Prefix: parā

Root: kram (class 1)