महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-69, verse-21

ततः शरैर्महाराज रुक्मपुङ्खैः शिलाशितैः ।
भीमं विव्याध संक्रुद्धस्त्रासयानो वरूथिनीम् ॥२१॥

21. tataḥ śarairmahārāja rukmapuṅkhaiḥ śilāśitaiḥ ,
bhīmaṁ vivyādha saṁkruddhastrāsayāno varūthinīm.

21. tataḥ śaraiḥ mahārāja rukmapuṅkhaiḥ śilāśitaiḥ
bhīmam vivyādha saṃkruddhaḥ trāsayānaḥ varūthinīm

21. Then, O great king, that enraged one (Duryodhana), terrifying the army, pierced Bhima with arrows that had golden shafts and were sharpened on stone.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, afterwards)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O great king)

• रुक्मपुङ्खैः (rukmapuṅkhaiḥ) - with golden-shafted (arrows) (with golden-shafted/feathered (arrows))

• शिलाशितैः (śilāśitaiḥ) - sharpened on stone (arrows)

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhima (object of piercing) (Bhima)

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - he (Duryodhana) pierced (he pierced, he struck)

• संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged (Duryodhana) (greatly enraged, furious)

• त्रासयानः (trāsayānaḥ) - terrifying (the army) (causing to fear, terrifying)

• वरूथिनीम् (varūthinīm) - the army (army, host, troops)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from tad.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

From root śṝ (to break, crush) or śṛ (to hurt).

Root: śṝ / śṛ

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O great king)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārājan

mahārājan - great king, emperor

Compound of mahā (great) and rājan (king).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine form of mahat. Used as a prefix for compounds.
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root rāj (to shine, rule) + an suffix.
  Root: rāj

Note: Dhṛtarāṣṭra is being addressed.

रुक्मपुङ्खैः (rukmapuṅkhaiḥ) - with golden-shafted (arrows) (with golden-shafted/feathered (arrows))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rukmapuṅkha

rukmapuṅkha - golden-shafted, having golden feathers (referring to arrows)

Compound of rukma (gold) and puṅkha (shaft, feathered part of an arrow). Bahuvrihi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rukma+puṅkha)

• rukma – gold, golden, bright
  noun (neuter)
  From root ruc (to shine).
  Root: ruc
• puṅkha – shaft, feathered end of an arrow
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies śaraiḥ.

शिलाशितैः (śilāśitaiḥ) - sharpened on stone (arrows)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śilāśita

śilāśita - sharpened on stone

Past Passive Participle

Compound of śilā (stone) and śita (sharpened). Tatpuruṣa or Bahuvrihi (stone-sharpened, i.e., whose sharpening is by stone).

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (śilā+śita)

• śilā – stone, rock
  noun (feminine)
• śita – sharpened, keen, pointed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śo (to sharpen) or śi (to sharpen).
  Root: śo / śi

Note: Qualifies śaraiḥ.

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhima (object of piercing) (Bhima)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima (name), terrible, dreadful

From root bhī (to fear) + ma suffix.

Root: bhī

Note: Object of vivyādha.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - he (Duryodhana) pierced (he pierced, he struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vyadh

Perfect

From root vyadh (to pierce, strike). Reduplicated perfect.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Subject is implied (Duryodhana from previous verse).

संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged (Duryodhana) (greatly enraged, furious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - greatly enraged, furious, highly provoked

Past Passive Participle

From root krus (to cry out, be angry) or krudh (to be angry) with prefix sam. sam + krudh + kta.

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

त्रासयानः (trāsayānaḥ) - terrifying (the army) (causing to fear, terrifying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trāsayāna

trāsayāna - causing to fear, frightening, terrifying

Present Middle Participle (Causal)

From causal root trāsaya (to cause to fear) of tras (to tremble) + śāna (present middle participle suffix).

Root: tras (class 1)

Note: Present participle, describes the action concurrent with vivyādha.

वरूथिनीम् (varūthinīm) - the army (army, host, troops)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of varūthinī

varūthinī - army, host, troop, protected place, armor

Derived from varūtha (shelter, protection) + inī suffix.