महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-69, verse-21

ततः शरैर्महाराज रुक्मपुङ्खैः शिलाशितैः ।
भीमं विव्याध संक्रुद्धस्त्रासयानो वरूथिनीम् ॥२१॥

21. tataḥ śarairmahārāja rukmapuṅkhaiḥ śilāśitaiḥ ,
bhīmaṁ vivyādha saṁkruddhastrāsayāno varūthinīm.

21. tataḥ śaraiḥ mahārāja rukmapuṅkhaiḥ śilāśitaiḥ
bhīmam vivyādha saṃkruddhaḥ trāsayānaḥ varūthinīm

21. Then, O great king, that enraged one (Duryodhana), terrifying the army, pierced Bhima with arrows that had golden shafts and were sharpened on stone.

21. אז, הו מלך גדול, דוּרְיוֹדְהַנַה זעם מאוד ופגע בבְּהִימַ בחיצים בעלי נוצות זהב ומושחזים באבן, כשהוא מטיל אימה על הצבא (של הפָּאנְדַוַה).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, afterwards)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O great king)

• रुक्मपुङ्खैः (rukmapuṅkhaiḥ) - with golden-shafted (arrows) (with golden-shafted/feathered (arrows))

• शिलाशितैः (śilāśitaiḥ) - sharpened on stone (arrows)

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhima (object of piercing) (Bhima)

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - he (Duryodhana) pierced (he pierced, he struck)

• संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged (Duryodhana) (greatly enraged, furious)

• त्रासयानः (trāsayānaḥ) - terrifying (the army) (causing to fear, terrifying)

• वरूथिनीम् (varūthinīm) - the army (army, host, troops)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from tad.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

From root śṝ (to break, crush) or śṛ (to hurt).

Root: śṝ / śṛ

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O great king)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārājan

mahārājan - great king, emperor

Compound of mahā (great) and rājan (king).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine form of mahat. Used as a prefix for compounds.
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root rāj (to shine, rule) + an suffix.
  Root: rāj

Note: Dhṛtarāṣṭra is being addressed.

रुक्मपुङ्खैः (rukmapuṅkhaiḥ) - with golden-shafted (arrows) (with golden-shafted/feathered (arrows))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rukmapuṅkha

rukmapuṅkha - golden-shafted, having golden feathers (referring to arrows)

Compound of rukma (gold) and puṅkha (shaft, feathered part of an arrow). Bahuvrihi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rukma+puṅkha)

• rukma – gold, golden, bright
  noun (neuter)
  From root ruc (to shine).
  Root: ruc
• puṅkha – shaft, feathered end of an arrow
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies śaraiḥ.

शिलाशितैः (śilāśitaiḥ) - sharpened on stone (arrows)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śilāśita

śilāśita - sharpened on stone

Past Passive Participle

Compound of śilā (stone) and śita (sharpened). Tatpuruṣa or Bahuvrihi (stone-sharpened, i.e., whose sharpening is by stone).

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (śilā+śita)

• śilā – stone, rock
  noun (feminine)
• śita – sharpened, keen, pointed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śo (to sharpen) or śi (to sharpen).
  Root: śo / śi

Note: Qualifies śaraiḥ.

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhima (object of piercing) (Bhima)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima (name), terrible, dreadful

From root bhī (to fear) + ma suffix.

Root: bhī

Note: Object of vivyādha.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - he (Duryodhana) pierced (he pierced, he struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vyadh

Perfect

From root vyadh (to pierce, strike). Reduplicated perfect.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Subject is implied (Duryodhana from previous verse).

संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged (Duryodhana) (greatly enraged, furious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - greatly enraged, furious, highly provoked

Past Passive Participle

From root krus (to cry out, be angry) or krudh (to be angry) with prefix sam. sam + krudh + kta.

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

त्रासयानः (trāsayānaḥ) - terrifying (the army) (causing to fear, terrifying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trāsayāna

trāsayāna - causing to fear, frightening, terrifying

Present Middle Participle (Causal)

From causal root trāsaya (to cause to fear) of tras (to tremble) + śāna (present middle participle suffix).

Root: tras (class 1)

Note: Present participle, describes the action concurrent with vivyādha.

वरूथिनीम् (varūthinīm) - the army (army, host, troops)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of varūthinī

varūthinī - army, host, troop, protected place, armor

Derived from varūtha (shelter, protection) + inī suffix.

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