महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-158, verse-41

तदा मनस्ते त्रिदिवादिवाशुचेर्निवर्ततां पार्थ महीप्रशासनात् ।
राज्यं प्रशास्तुं हि सुदुर्लभं त्वया बुभूषता स्वर्ग इवातपस्विना ॥४१॥

41. tadā manaste tridivādivāśuce;rnivartatāṁ pārtha mahīpraśāsanāt ,
rājyaṁ praśāstuṁ hi sudurlabhaṁ tvayā; bubhūṣatā svarga ivātapasvinā.

41. tadā manaḥ te tri-divāt iva aśuceḥ
nivartatām pārtha mahī-praśāsanāt
rājyam praśāstum hi su-durlabham tvayā
bubhūṣatā svargaḥ vā a-tapasvinā

41. tadā pārtha te manaḥ mahī-praśāsanāt tri-divāt iva aśuceḥ nivartatām; hi tvayā bubhūṣatā rājyam praśāstum su-durlabham,
vā a-tapasvinā svargaḥ (su-durlabham)

41. Therefore, O Pārtha, let your mind turn away from ruling the earth, as if from something as defiling as an impure heaven. For it is indeed very difficult for you, desiring to rule, to obtain this kingdom, or (to obtain) heaven (svarga) for one who has not performed austerities (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• तदा (tadā) - therefore (then, therefore)

• मनः (manaḥ) - your mind (mind, intellect, heart)

• ते (te) - your (your, to you)

• त्रि-दिवात् (tri-divāt) - from heaven (from heaven, from the celestial region)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

• अशुचेः (aśuceḥ) - from something as defiling as an impure heaven (from impurity; from an impure one; from something defiling)

• निवर्तताम् (nivartatām) - let it turn away (let it turn back, let it cease, let it withdraw)

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O son of Pṛthā; O Arjuna)

• मही-प्रशासनात् (mahī-praśāsanāt) - from ruling the earth

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - this kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

• प्रशास्तुम् (praśāstum) - to rule (to rule, to govern, to administer)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for (indeed, surely, for)

• सु-दुर्लभम् (su-durlabham) - very difficult to obtain (very difficult to obtain, very hard to acquire)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• बुभूषता (bubhūṣatā) - by you, desiring to rule (to be a ruler) (by one desiring to be/become)

• स्वर्गः (svargaḥ) - heaven (svarga) (heaven, paradise)

• वा (vā) - or (or, optionally)

• अ-तपस्विना (a-tapasvinā) - by one who has not performed austerities (tapas) (by one who is not an ascetic, by one who has not performed austerities)

Words meanings and morphology

तदा (tadā) - therefore (then, therefore)

(indeclinable)

मनः (manaḥ) - your mind (mind, intellect, heart)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart

ते (te) - your (your, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: enclitic form of genitive singular

त्रि-दिवात् (tri-divāt) - from heaven (from heaven, from the celestial region)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tridiva

tridiva - heaven, celestial region

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

अशुचेः (aśuceḥ) - from something as defiling as an impure heaven (from impurity; from an impure one; from something defiling)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of aśuci

aśuci - impure, defiling, unclean

negation of śuci (pure)

Note: can also be genitive singular

निवर्तताम् (nivartatām) - let it turn away (let it turn back, let it cease, let it withdraw)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, ātmanepada, imperative (loṭ) of vṛt

imperative mood

from ni + root vṛt (to turn)

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Arjuna (O son of Pṛthā; O Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), refers to Arjuna

derived from Pṛthā

मही-प्रशासनात् (mahī-praśāsanāt) - from ruling the earth

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+praśāsana)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• praśāsana – ruling, governing, administration
  noun (neuter)
  from pra + root śās (to rule, command)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: śās (class 2)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - this kingdom (kingdom, sovereignty, rule)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

Root: rāj (class 1)

प्रशास्तुम् (praśāstum) - to rule (to rule, to govern, to administer)

(verb)

infinitive of praśās

infinitive

from pra + root śās (to rule, command)

Prefix: pra

Root: śās (class 2)

हि (hi) - indeed, for (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

सु-दुर्लभम् (su-durlabham) - very difficult to obtain (very difficult to obtain, very hard to acquire)

(compound adjective)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+durlabha)

• su – good, well, easily
  indeclinable
• durlabha – difficult to obtain, rare
  adjective (neuter)
  from dur (prefix for difficulty) + root labh (to obtain)
  Prefix: dur
  Root: labh (class 1)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

बुभूषता (bubhūṣatā) - by you, desiring to rule (to be a ruler) (by one desiring to be/become)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bubhūṣat

bubhūṣat - desiring to be/become

present active participle (desiderative)

from desiderative of root bhū (to be, become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

स्वर्गः (svargaḥ) - heaven (svarga) (heaven, paradise)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise

वा (vā) - or (or, optionally)

(indeclinable)

अ-तपस्विना (a-tapasvinā) - by one who has not performed austerities (tapas) (by one who is not an ascetic, by one who has not performed austerities)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of atapasvin

atapasvin - one who is not an ascetic, one without tapas

negation of tapasvin (one possessing tapas)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tapasvin)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• tapasvin – ascetic, recluse, one who performs austerities (tapas)
  noun (masculine)
  from tapas (asceticism)