महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-158, verse-31

अवोचं यत्षण्ढतिलानहं वस्तथ्यमेव तत् ।
धृता हि वेणी पार्थेन विराटनगरे तदा ॥३१॥

31. avocaṁ yatṣaṇḍhatilānahaṁ vastathyameva tat ,
dhṛtā hi veṇī pārthena virāṭanagare tadā.

31. avocam yat ṣaṇḍhatilān aham vaḥ tathyam eva
tat dhṛtā hi veṇī pārthena virāṭanagare tadā

31. aham yat vaḥ ṣaṇḍhatilān avocam tat tathyam
eva hi tadā virāṭanagare pārthena veṇī dhṛtā

31. What I said to you—that you are like useless sesame (ṣaṇḍhatilān)—is indeed the truth. For at that time, a braid (veṇī) was indeed tied by Arjuna (Pārtha) in Virāṭa's city.

Words meanings summery:

• अवोचम् (avocam) - I spoke, I said, I declared

• यत् (yat) - that which, what, because

• षण्ढतिलान् (ṣaṇḍhatilān) - useless or impotent individuals, implying worthlessness (eunuch-sesame, worthless sesame, impotent sesame)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• वः (vaḥ) - to you, your, you (plural)

• तथ्यम् (tathyam) - truth, reality, fact

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, very

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• धृता (dhṛtā) - tied (referring to a braid) (held, worn, borne, tied)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely, because

• वेणी (veṇī) - a braid of hair tied as a mark of shame (braid of hair, plaited hair, stream, channel)

• पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Arjuna (Pārtha), who took the disguise of Bṛhannalā and tied his hair in a braid in Virāṭa's court (by Arjuna, by the son of Pṛthā)

• विराटनगरे (virāṭanagare) - in Virāṭa's city, in the city of Virāṭa

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

अवोचम् (avocam) - I spoke, I said, I declared

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of vac

Aorist

Aorist form (luṅ) 1st person singular, active voice. Root vac (class 2).

Root: vac (class 2)

यत् (yat) - that which, what, because

(indeclinable)

Relative pronoun, neuter nominative/accusative singular, also used as an indeclinable conjunction.

षण्ढतिलान् (ṣaṇḍhatilān) - useless or impotent individuals, implying worthlessness (eunuch-sesame, worthless sesame, impotent sesame)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṣaṇḍhatila

ṣaṇḍhatila - eunuch-sesame, worthless sesame

Compound noun, literally 'eunuch-sesame', referring to sesame seeds that do not germinate, hence worthless.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ṣaṇḍha+tila)

• ṣaṇḍha – eunuch, impotent, sterile, worthless
  noun (masculine)
• tila – sesame seed, sesame plant
  noun (masculine)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of mad

mad - I

First person singular pronoun.

वः (vaḥ) - to you, your, you (plural)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person plural pronoun, alternative form for accusative, dative, or genitive.

तथ्यम् (tathyam) - truth, reality, fact

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tathya

tathya - true, real, factual; truth, reality

Derived from 'tathā' (thus) with a 'ya' suffix. Used here as a noun.

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, very

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter nominative singular.

धृता (dhṛtā) - tied (referring to a braid) (held, worn, borne, tied)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhṛta

dhṛta - held, worn, borne, tied, maintained

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of the root 'dhṛ'.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely, because

(indeclinable)

वेणी (veṇī) - a braid of hair tied as a mark of shame (braid of hair, plaited hair, stream, channel)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of veṇī

veṇī - braid of hair, plaited hair, stream, channel

पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Arjuna (Pārtha), who took the disguise of Bṛhannalā and tied his hair in a braid in Virāṭa's court (by Arjuna, by the son of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā, referring to the sons of Kuntī, especially Arjuna.

विराटनगरे (virāṭanagare) - in Virāṭa's city, in the city of Virāṭa

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of virāṭanagara

virāṭanagara - city of Virāṭa

Compound noun referring to the city ruled by King Virāṭa.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (virāṭa+nagara)

• virāṭa – King Virāṭa (a character in the Mahābhārata)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nagara – city, town
  noun (neuter)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)