महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-145, verse-32

ततोऽहं प्राञ्जलिर्भूत्वा मातरं संप्रसादयम् ।
नाम्ब शंतनुना जातः कौरवं वंशमुद्वहन् ।
प्रतिज्ञां वितथां कुर्यामिति राजन्पुनः पुनः ॥३२॥

32. tato'haṁ prāñjalirbhūtvā mātaraṁ saṁprasādayam ,
nāmba śaṁtanunā jātaḥ kauravaṁ vaṁśamudvahan ,
pratijñāṁ vitathāṁ kuryāmiti rājanpunaḥ punaḥ.

32. tataḥ aham prāñjaliḥ bhūtvā mātaram
saṃprasādayam na amba śaṃtanunā jātaḥ
kauravam vaṃśam udvahan pratijñām
vitathām kuryām iti rājan punaḥ punaḥ

32. rājan tataḥ aham prāñjaliḥ bhūtvā
mātaram saṃprasādayam amba śaṃtanunā
jātaḥ kauravam vaṃśam udvahan pratijñām
vitathām na kuryām iti punaḥ punaḥ

32. Then I, with folded hands, appealed to my mother, 'O mother, how could I, born of Shantanu and upholding the Kuru dynasty, make my vow false?' Thus, O king, I repeatedly stated.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, thence, afterwards)

• अहम् (aham) - I (Bhishma) (I)

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (with folded hands, respectful)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become (having been, having become)

• मातरम् (mātaram) - my (step)mother (Satyavati) (mother (accusative))

• संप्रसादयम् (saṁprasādayam) - I appealed to (I propitiated, I appeased, I pleaded)

• न (na) - no (introducing a rhetorical question implying negation) (not, no)

• अम्ब (amba) - O mother (vocative, addressing Satyavati) (O mother)

• शंतनुना (śaṁtanunā) - by Shantanu (father of Bhishma) (by Shantanu)

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born (of Shantanu) (born, produced)

• कौरवम् (kauravam) - the Kuru dynasty (related to the Kurus, Kuru (accusative))

• वंशम् (vaṁśam) - dynasty (lineage, race, family, dynasty)

• उद्वहन् (udvahan) - upholding (bearing, carrying, upholding)

• प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - my (Bhishma's) vow (vow, promise, assertion)

• वितथाम् (vitathām) - false (false, futile, unsuccessful)

• कुर्याम् (kuryām) - I would make (I would do, I should do, I would make)

• इति (iti) - thus (indicating the end of direct speech) (thus, so, indicates direct speech)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king (vocative, addressing the frame narrative listener, likely Vidura or Yudhisthira) (O king)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, repeatedly)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - repeatedly (again, repeatedly)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I (Bhishma) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (with folded hands, respectful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - with folded hands, respectful

Compound of pra (before) and añjali (folded hands)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pra+añjali)

• pra – before, forward
  indeclinable
• añjali – folded hands, offering, reverence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'aham'.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become (having been, having become)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root bhū (to be, to become)

Root: bhū (class 1)

मातरम् (mātaram) - my (step)mother (Satyavati) (mother (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Object of 'saṃprasādayam'.

संप्रसादयम् (saṁprasādayam) - I appealed to (I propitiated, I appeased, I pleaded)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of saṃprasāday

From saṃ + pra + sad (causative 'sādayati')

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: sad (class 1)

न (na) - no (introducing a rhetorical question implying negation) (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अम्ब (amba) - O mother (vocative, addressing Satyavati) (O mother)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of ambā

ambā - mother, good lady

शंतनुना (śaṁtanunā) - by Shantanu (father of Bhishma) (by Shantanu)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śaṃtanu

śaṁtanu - Shantanu (name of a king)

Note: Indicates agency for 'jātaḥ'.

जातः (jātaḥ) - born (of Shantanu) (born, produced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen

Past Passive Participle

From root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'aham' (implied).

कौरवम् (kauravam) - the Kuru dynasty (related to the Kurus, Kuru (accusative))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, belonging to the Kuru family/dynasty

Derived from Kuru (name of an ancient king and dynasty)

Note: Qualifies 'vaṃśam'.

वंशम् (vaṁśam) - dynasty (lineage, race, family, dynasty)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaṃśa

vaṁśa - lineage, race, family, dynasty, bamboo

Note: Object of 'udvahan'.

उद्वहन् (udvahan) - upholding (bearing, carrying, upholding)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udvahat

udvahat - bearing, carrying, upholding, supporting

Present Active Participle

From ud + vah (to carry, bear)

Prefix: ud

Root: vah (class 1)

प्रतिज्ञाम् (pratijñām) - my (Bhishma's) vow (vow, promise, assertion)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pratijñā

pratijñā - vow, promise, assertion

From prati + jñā (to know, to promise)

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Object of 'kuryām'.

वितथाम् (vitathām) - false (false, futile, unsuccessful)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vitathā

vitathā - false, futile, unsuccessful, vain

Compound of vi (negation) and tathā (thus)

Note: Qualifies 'pratijñām'.

कुर्याम् (kuryām) - I would make (I would do, I should do, I would make)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used in a rhetorical question expressing impossibility.

इति (iti) - thus (indicating the end of direct speech) (thus, so, indicates direct speech)

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O king (vocative, addressing the frame narrative listener, likely Vidura or Yudhisthira) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

पुनः (punaḥ) - again (again, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Repeated for emphasis.

पुनः (punaḥ) - repeatedly (again, repeatedly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Repeated for emphasis.