महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-145, verse-21

स्वर्यातेऽहं पितरि तं स्वराज्ये संन्यवेशयम् ।
विचित्रवीर्यं राजानं भृत्यो भूत्वा ह्यधश्चरः ॥२१॥

21. svaryāte'haṁ pitari taṁ svarājye saṁnyaveśayam ,
vicitravīryaṁ rājānaṁ bhṛtyo bhūtvā hyadhaścaraḥ.

21. svaryāte aham pitari tam svarājye saṃnyaveśayam
vicitravīryam rājānam bhṛtyaḥ bhūtvā hi adhaścaraḥ

21. aham pitari svaryāte tam vicitravīryam rājānam
svarājye saṃnyaveśayam hi bhṛtyaḥ bhūtvā adhaścaraḥ

21. When my father departed for heaven (svarga), I installed King Vicitravīrya in his own kingdom. Indeed, I became his servant, following his commands.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वर्याते (svaryāte) - when he (my father) went to heaven (having gone to heaven, when he went to heaven)

• अहम् (aham) - I (Bhīṣma) (I)

• पितरि (pitari) - when the father (my father) (in the father, regarding the father)

• तम् (tam) - him (King Vicitravīrya) (him, that)

• स्वराज्ये (svarājye) - in his (Vicitravīrya's) own kingdom (in his own kingdom, in one's own sovereignty)

• संन्यवेशयम् (saṁnyaveśayam) - I installed (him) (I installed, I placed, I settled)

• विचित्रवीर्यम् (vicitravīryam) - Vicitravīrya (a proper noun, King Vicitravīrya) (of varied valor, wondrously potent)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - the king (Vicitravīrya) (king)

• भृत्यः (bhṛtyaḥ) - a servant (servant, dependant)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• अधश्चरः (adhaścaraḥ) - following (him), subordinate (walking below, following, subordinate)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वर्याते (svaryāte) - when he (my father) went to heaven (having gone to heaven, when he went to heaven)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of svaryāta

svaryāta - one who has gone to heaven, departed to heaven

Past Passive Participle

From svarga (heaven) + yāta (gone), formed by root √yā (to go) + ktapratyaya (past passive participle suffix). Here, a compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svarga+yāta)

• svarga – heaven, paradise
  noun (masculine)
• yāta – gone, departed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √yā (to go) + ktapratyaya.
  Root: √yā (class 2)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

अहम् (aham) - I (Bhīṣma) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: First person singular nominative.

पितरि (pitari) - when the father (my father) (in the father, regarding the father)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

तम् (tam) - him (King Vicitravīrya) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Vicitravīrya.

स्वराज्ये (svarājye) - in his (Vicitravīrya's) own kingdom (in his own kingdom, in one's own sovereignty)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of svarājya

svarājya - self-rule, one's own kingdom, sovereignty

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+rājya)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun
• rājya – kingdom, reign, sovereignty
  noun (neuter)

संन्यवेशयम् (saṁnyaveśayam) - I installed (him) (I installed, I placed, I settled)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of saṃnyaveśayam

Causative imperfect

Root √viś (to enter) with prefixes sam- and ni-, in causative form, imperfect first person singular.

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: √viś (class 6)

विचित्रवीर्यम् (vicitravīryam) - Vicitravīrya (a proper noun, King Vicitravīrya) (of varied valor, wondrously potent)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vicitravīrya

vicitravīrya - one of wondrous valor, Vicitravīrya (proper name)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vicitra+vīrya)

• vicitra – varied, diverse, wonderful
  adjective
• vīrya – valor, strength, potency
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of "saṃnyaveśayam".

राजानम् (rājānam) - the king (Vicitravīrya) (king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Appositive to "vicitravīryam".

भृत्यः (bhṛtyaḥ) - a servant (servant, dependant)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhṛtya

bhṛtya - a servant, a mercenary, one who is to be nourished

Gerundive (kṛtya)

From root √bhṛ (to bear, support, nourish) with suffix -tya (kṛtya pratyaya).

Root: √bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Predicative nominative with "bhūtvā".

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √bhū (to be) + tvāpratyaya.

Root: √bhū (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

अधश्चरः (adhaścaraḥ) - following (him), subordinate (walking below, following, subordinate)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhaścara

adhaścara - walking below, following, subordinate

Compound of adhas (below) and cara (moving, walking).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (adhas+cara)

• adhas – below, downwards
  indeclinable
• cara – moving, walking, following, a follower
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √car (to move, walk) + suffix -a.
  Root: √car (class 1)

Note: Agrees with "aham" (understood).