महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-145, verse-26

पीड्यन्ते ते प्रजाः सर्वा व्याधिभिर्भृशदारुणैः ।
अल्पावशिष्टा गाङ्गेय ताः परित्रातुमर्हसि ॥२६॥

26. pīḍyante te prajāḥ sarvā vyādhibhirbhṛśadāruṇaiḥ ,
alpāvaśiṣṭā gāṅgeya tāḥ paritrātumarhasi.

26. pīḍyante te prajāḥ sarvāḥ vyādhibhiḥ bhṛśadāruṇaiḥ
| alpāvaśiṣṭāḥ gāṅgeya tāḥ paritrātum arhasi

26. gāṅgeya te sarvāḥ prajāḥ bhṛśadāruṇaiḥ vyādhibhiḥ
pīḍyante alpāvaśiṣṭāḥ (santi) tāḥ paritrātum arhasi

26. All your citizens are tormented by extremely terrible diseases. Only a few remain, O Gāṅgeya, you ought to protect them.

Words meanings summery:

• पीड्यन्ते (pīḍyante) - they are tormented, they are oppressed, they are afflicted

• ते (te) - your

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - citizens (people, subjects, citizens, progeny)

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every, whole

• व्याधिभिः (vyādhibhiḥ) - by diseases, by illnesses

• भृशदारुणैः (bhṛśadāruṇaiḥ) - by extremely terrible (diseases) (by extremely terrible ones, by very cruel ones)

• अल्पावशिष्टाः (alpāvaśiṣṭāḥ) - only a few (citizens) remaining (only a few remaining, little left)

• गाङ्गेय (gāṅgeya) - O son of Gaṅgā (an epithet for Bhīṣma) (son of Gaṅgā)

• ताः (tāḥ) - them (the remaining citizens) (those, them)

• परित्रातुम् (paritrātum) - to protect, to save, to guard fully

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (to protect) (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

Words meanings and morphology

पीड्यन्ते (pīḍyante) - they are tormented, they are oppressed, they are afflicted

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of pīḍ

Present Tense (laṭ), Passive Voice

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

ते (te) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Can also be dative singular

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - citizens (people, subjects, citizens, progeny)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - people, subjects, citizens, progeny, creature

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every, whole

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

व्याधिभिः (vyādhibhiḥ) - by diseases, by illnesses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vyādhi

vyādhi - disease, illness, malady, affliction

भृशदारुणैः (bhṛśadāruṇaiḥ) - by extremely terrible (diseases) (by extremely terrible ones, by very cruel ones)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhṛśadāruṇa

bhṛśadāruṇa - extremely terrible, very cruel, intensely fierce

Compound adjective

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhṛśa+dāruṇa)

• bhṛśa – very, exceedingly, much, strong, violent
  adjective
• dāruṇa – terrible, dreadful, cruel, harsh, severe
  adjective

Note: Agrees with 'vyādhibhiḥ'

अल्पावशिष्टाः (alpāvaśiṣṭāḥ) - only a few (citizens) remaining (only a few remaining, little left)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of alpāvaśiṣṭa

alpāvaśiṣṭa - having a small remainder, only a few remaining, little left

Compound adjective

Compound type : karmadhāraya (alpa+avaśiṣṭa)

• alpa – little, small, few, insignificant
  adjective
• avaśiṣṭa – remaining, left over, residual
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root śiṣ (to leave, remain) with upasarga ava-
  Prefix: ava
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Agrees with implied 'prajāḥ'

गाङ्गेय (gāṅgeya) - O son of Gaṅgā (an epithet for Bhīṣma) (son of Gaṅgā)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of gāṅgeya

gāṅgeya - son of Gaṅgā (refers to Bhīṣma, as Gaṅgā was his mother)

Derived from Gaṅgā (river goddess) + -eya (patronymic suffix)

ताः (tāḥ) - them (the remaining citizens) (those, them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

परित्रातुम् (paritrātum) - to protect, to save, to guard fully

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive of root trā (to protect) with upasarga pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: trā (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (to protect) (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Tense (laṭ)

Root: arh (class 1)