महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-145, verse-17

तस्य बुद्धिः समुत्पन्ना द्वितीयः स्यात्कथं सुतः ।
एकपुत्रमपुत्रं वै प्रवदन्ति मनीषिणः ॥१७॥

17. tasya buddhiḥ samutpannā dvitīyaḥ syātkathaṁ sutaḥ ,
ekaputramaputraṁ vai pravadanti manīṣiṇaḥ.

17. tasya buddhiḥ samutpannā dvitīyaḥ syāt kathaṃ
sutaḥ ekaputram aputraṃ vai pravadanti manīṣiṇaḥ

17. tasya buddhiḥ samutpannā,
kathaṃ dvitīyaḥ sutaḥ syāt? manīṣiṇaḥ ekaputram aputraṃ vai pravadanti.

17. A thought arose in his mind: "How can there be a second son?" For wise persons (manīṣiṇaḥ) indeed declare that a man with only one son is as good as sonless.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, to him

• बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, understanding, thought, mind

• समुत्पन्ना (samutpannā) - arisen, produced, generated

• द्वितीयः (dvitīyaḥ) - second

• स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let it be, should be

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner

• सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

• एकपुत्रम् (ekaputram) - having one son, with one son

• अपुत्रं (aputraṁ) - sonless, without a son

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely

• प्रवदन्ति (pravadanti) - they declare, they say, they proclaim

• मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - wise persons, thoughtful ones, sages

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, to him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - intellect, understanding, thought, mind

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception, thought

Root: budh (class 1)

समुत्पन्ना (samutpannā) - arisen, produced, generated

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of samutpanna

samutpanna - arisen, produced, happened

Past Passive Participle

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: pad (class 4)

द्वितीयः (dvitīyaḥ) - second

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvitīya

dvitīya - second, next

स्यात् (syāt) - may be, let it be, should be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

कथं (kathaṁ) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

सुतः (sutaḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, born, produced

Root: sū (class 2)

एकपुत्रम् (ekaputram) - having one son, with one son

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ekaputra

ekaputra - having one son

Compound type : bahuvrihi (eka+putra)

• eka – one, a single
  numeral
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

अपुत्रं (aputraṁ) - sonless, without a son

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aputra

aputra - sonless

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+putra)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely

(indeclinable)

प्रवदन्ति (pravadanti) - they declare, they say, they proclaim

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vad

Prefix: pra

Root: vad (class 1)

मनीषिणः (manīṣiṇaḥ) - wise persons, thoughtful ones, sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manīṣin

manīṣin - wise, intelligent, thoughtful, a sage