महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-145, verse-19

प्रतिज्ञां दुष्करां कृत्वा पितुरर्थे कुलस्य च ।
अराजा चोर्ध्वरेताश्च यथा सुविदितं तव ।
प्रतीतो निवसाम्येष प्रतिज्ञामनुपालयन् ॥१९॥

19. pratijñāṁ duṣkarāṁ kṛtvā piturarthe kulasya ca ,
arājā cordhvaretāśca yathā suviditaṁ tava ,
pratīto nivasāmyeṣa pratijñāmanupālayan.

19. pratijñāṃ duṣkarāṃ kṛtvā pituḥ arthe
kulasya ca arājā ca ūrdhvaretāḥ
ca yathā suviditaṃ tava pratītaḥ
nivasāmi eṣaḥ pratijñāṃ anupālayan

19. pituḥ kulasya ca arthe duṣkarāṃ pratijñāṃ kṛtvā,
yathā tava suviditaṃ (aham) arājā ca ūrdhvaretāḥ ca,
eṣaḥ (ahaṃ) pratītaḥ pratijñāṃ anupālayan nivasāmi.

19. Having made a difficult vow for the sake of my father and my lineage (kulaṃ), and being without a kingdom and one who has mastered celibacy (ūrdhvaretas) – as is well known to you – I, contented, reside here, upholding my vow.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रतिज्ञां (pratijñāṁ) - vow, promise, declaration

• दुष्करां (duṣkarāṁ) - difficult, hard to perform, arduous

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having performed

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

• अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake of, for the purpose of, for the meaning

• कुलस्य (kulasya) - of the family, of the lineage (kulaṃ)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अराजा (arājā) - kingless, without a king, without a kingdom

• च (ca) - and, also

• ऊर्ध्वरेताः (ūrdhvaretāḥ) - one whose semen flows upwards, celibate, chaste (ūrdhvaretas)

• च (ca) - and, also

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

• सुविदितं (suviditaṁ) - well known, thoroughly understood

• तव (tava) - to you, your

• प्रतीतः (pratītaḥ) - pleased, satisfied, confident, convinced

• निवसामि (nivasāmi) - I dwell, I reside, I live

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (one), he (referring to the speaker)

• प्रतिज्ञां (pratijñāṁ) - vow, promise

• अनुपालयन् (anupālayan) - observing, maintaining, protecting

Words meanings and morphology

प्रतिज्ञां (pratijñāṁ) - vow, promise, declaration

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pratijñā

pratijñā - vow, promise, agreement

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

दुष्करां (duṣkarāṁ) - difficult, hard to perform, arduous

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult, hard to do

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+kara)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill-
  indeclinable
• kara – making, doing, performing
  adjective
  Derived from root kṛ + a suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having performed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

अर्थे (arthe) - for the sake of, for the purpose of, for the meaning

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, sake

कुलस्य (kulasya) - of the family, of the lineage (kulaṃ)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, clan

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अराजा (arājā) - kingless, without a king, without a kingdom

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arājan

arājan - kingless, without a king

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrihi (a+rājan)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ऊर्ध्वरेताः (ūrdhvaretāḥ) - one whose semen flows upwards, celibate, chaste (ūrdhvaretas)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ūrdhvaretas

ūrdhvaretas - one whose semen flows upwards, chaste, celibate

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ūrdhva+retas)

• ūrdhva – upward, elevated
  adjective
• retas – semen, virile fluid, essence
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, according to

(indeclinable)

सुविदितं (suviditaṁ) - well known, thoroughly understood

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of suvidita

suvidita - well known, clearly perceived

Past Passive Participle

Prefixes: su+vi

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Used as an impersonal predicate: 'it is well known'.

तव (tava) - to you, your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

प्रतीतः (pratītaḥ) - pleased, satisfied, confident, convinced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratīta

pratīta - believed, understood, satisfied, confident

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: prati

Root: i (class 2)

निवसामि (nivasāmi) - I dwell, I reside, I live

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vas

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (one), he (referring to the speaker)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

प्रतिज्ञां (pratijñāṁ) - vow, promise

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pratijñā

pratijñā - vow, promise, agreement

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

अनुपालयन् (anupālayan) - observing, maintaining, protecting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anupālayat

anupālayat - observing, maintaining

Present Active Participle

Prefix: anu

Root: pāl (class 10)