महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-145, verse-25

प्रजा ऊचुः ।
उपक्षीणाः प्रजाः सर्वा राजा भव भवाय नः ।
ईतयो नुद भद्रं ते शंतनोः कुलवर्धन ॥२५॥

25. prajā ūcuḥ ,
upakṣīṇāḥ prajāḥ sarvā rājā bhava bhavāya naḥ ,
ītayo nuda bhadraṁ te śaṁtanoḥ kulavardhana.

25. prajāḥ ūcuḥ | upakṣīṇāḥ prajāḥ sarvāḥ rājā bhava bhavāya
naḥ | ītayaḥ nuda bhadraṃ te śantanoḥ kulavardhana

25. śantanoḥ kulavardhana sarvāḥ prajāḥ upakṣīṇāḥ (santi)
naḥ bhavāya rājā bhava ītayaḥ nuda te bhadraṃ (astu)

25. The citizens said: "All the citizens are perishing. Be our king for our well-being. Drive away calamities. May prosperity be yours, O enhancer of Śantanu's lineage."

Words meanings summery:

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - citizens (people, subjects, citizens, progeny)

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

• उपक्षीणाः (upakṣīṇāḥ) - perishing, greatly reduced in number (diminished, exhausted, wasted, perishing)

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - citizens (people, subjects, citizens, progeny)

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every, whole

• राजा (rājā) - a king (as a predicate nominative) (king, ruler)

• भव (bhava) - be, become

• भवाय (bhavāya) - for our well-being (for well-being, for existence, for prosperity)

• नः (naḥ) - for us (us, our, to us, for us)

• ईतयः (ītayaḥ) - calamities (like diseases, famine) (calamities, troubles, epidemics)

• नुद (nuda) - drive away, remove, push away

• भद्रं (bhadraṁ) - prosperity, good fortune (auspiciousness, good fortune, well-being)

• ते (te) - yours (may prosperity be yours) (your, to you, for you)

• शन्तनोः (śantanoḥ) - of Śantanu

• कुलवर्धन (kulavardhana) - O enhancer of Śantanu's lineage (vocative) (enhancer of the family, promoter of the lineage)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - citizens (people, subjects, citizens, progeny)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - people, subjects, citizens, progeny, creature

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (liṭ)

Root: vac (class 2)

उपक्षीणाः (upakṣīṇāḥ) - perishing, greatly reduced in number (diminished, exhausted, wasted, perishing)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of upakṣīṇa

upakṣīṇa - diminished, exhausted, wasted, perishing

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṣi (to diminish, destroy) with upasarga upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: kṣi (class 1)

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - citizens (people, subjects, citizens, progeny)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - people, subjects, citizens, progeny, creature

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every, whole

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

राजा (rājā) - a king (as a predicate nominative) (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

भव (bhava) - be, become

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Imperative Mood (loṭ)

Root: bhū (class 1)

भवाय (bhavāya) - for our well-being (for well-being, for existence, for prosperity)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bhava

bhava - being, existence, welfare, prosperity

नः (naḥ) - for us (us, our, to us, for us)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Can also be genitive plural

ईतयः (ītayaḥ) - calamities (like diseases, famine) (calamities, troubles, epidemics)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of īti

īti - calamity, plague, distress, trouble

नुद (nuda) - drive away, remove, push away

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nud

Imperative Mood (loṭ)

Root: nud (class 6)

भद्रं (bhadraṁ) - prosperity, good fortune (auspiciousness, good fortune, well-being)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhadra

bhadra - auspicious, good, fortunate, prosperous, well-being

ते (te) - yours (may prosperity be yours) (your, to you, for you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Can also be dative singular

शन्तनोः (śantanoḥ) - of Śantanu

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śantanu

śantanu - Śantanu (a legendary king in the Mahābhārata, father of Bhīṣma)

कुलवर्धन (kulavardhana) - O enhancer of Śantanu's lineage (vocative) (enhancer of the family, promoter of the lineage)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kulavardhana

kulavardhana - enhancer of the family, promoter of the lineage, one who increases the family's glory

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+vardhana)

• kula – family, lineage, clan
  noun (neuter)
• vardhana – increasing, promoting, enhancing, causing to grow
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Adjective from causative root
  Derived from causative of root vṛdh (to grow) with suffix -ana
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)