महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-147, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एतच्छ्रुत्वा वचस्तस्य वानरेन्द्रस्य धीमतः ।
भीमसेनस्तदा वीरः प्रोवाचामित्रकर्शनः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
etacchrutvā vacastasya vānarendrasya dhīmataḥ ,
bhīmasenastadā vīraḥ provācāmitrakarśanaḥ.

1. vaiśampāyana uvāca etat śrutvā vacaḥ tasya vānarendrasya
dhīmataḥ bhīmasenaḥ tadā vīraḥ provāca amitrakarśanaḥ

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Having heard these words from that intelligent chief of monkeys, the heroic Bhīmasena, the destroyer of enemies, then spoke.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana, the narrator of this epic, is speaking (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एतत् (etat) - these (words) (this, these)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (these words) (having heard)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words (that were spoken) (word, speech, utterance)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (chief of monkeys) (his, its, of that)

• वानरेन्द्रस्य (vānarendrasya) - of the chief of monkeys (Hanūmān) (of the chief of monkeys, of the lord of monkeys)

• धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - intelligent (chief of monkeys) (intelligent, wise, thoughtful)

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - heroic (Bhīmasena) (heroic, brave, warrior)

• प्रोवाच (provāca) - spoke, uttered, declared

• अमित्रकर्शनः (amitrakarśanaḥ) - (Bhīmasena,) the destroyer of enemies (destroyer of enemies, tormentor of foes)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana, the narrator of this epic, is speaking (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of vac

perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: From root √vac (to speak).

एतत् (etat) - these (words) (this, these)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Accusative singular neuter of etad, modifying vacaḥ.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (these words) (having heard)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

absolutive (gerund) form from root śru

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form.

वचः (vacaḥ) - words (that were spoken) (word, speech, utterance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, utterance

तस्य (tasya) - of that (chief of monkeys) (his, its, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Genitive singular masculine of tad, referring to the vānarendra.

वानरेन्द्रस्य (vānarendrasya) - of the chief of monkeys (Hanūmān) (of the chief of monkeys, of the lord of monkeys)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vānarendra

vānarendra - chief of monkeys, lord of monkeys

Compound type : tatpurusha (vānara+indra)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, king
  noun (masculine)

धीमतः (dhīmataḥ) - intelligent (chief of monkeys) (intelligent, wise, thoughtful)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise

Note: Modifies vānarendrasya.

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - name of a Pāṇḍava prince

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

वीरः (vīraḥ) - heroic (Bhīmasena) (heroic, brave, warrior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - heroic, brave; a hero, warrior

Note: Modifies Bhīmasena.

प्रोवाच (provāca) - spoke, uttered, declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of vac

perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice, with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: From root √vac with prefix pra-.

अमित्रकर्शनः (amitrakarśanaḥ) - (Bhīmasena,) the destroyer of enemies (destroyer of enemies, tormentor of foes)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amitrakarśana

amitrakarśana - destroyer of enemies, tormentor of foes

Compound type : tatpurusha (amitra+karśana)

• amitra – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• karśana – drawing, wasting, tormenting, destroying
  noun (masculine)
  verbal noun from root kṛṣ
  Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies Bhīmasena.