महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-11, verse-6

ब्रूयाद्यदेष राजेन्द्र तत्कार्यमविशङ्कया ।
अक्रियायां हि कार्यस्य पुत्रं ते शप्स्यते रुषा ॥६॥

6. brūyādyadeṣa rājendra tatkāryamaviśaṅkayā ,
akriyāyāṁ hi kāryasya putraṁ te śapsyate ruṣā.

6. brūyāt yat eṣaḥ rājendra tat kāryam aviśaṅkayā
| akriyāyām hi kāryasya putram te śapsyate ruṣā

6. O King of kings, whatever this sage says should be done without hesitation. Indeed, if his instruction is not carried out, he will curse your son with anger.

6. הו מלך המלכים, כל אשר יאמר לך (מַיְטְרֵיַה) הזה, יש לעשות זאת ללא היסוס. כי אם לא יעשו את הדבר, הוא יקלל את בנך בכעסו.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - he should say (he should say, he may say)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (what, which, that (relative pronoun/conjunction))

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (Maitreya) (this (one))

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king of kings, O best of kings)

• तत् (tat) - that (instruction) (that, therefore)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done, duty (to be done, proper action, duty)

• अविशङ्कया (aviśaṅkayā) - without hesitation (without doubt, without hesitation, fearlessly)

• अक्रियायाम् (akriyāyām) - if (his instruction) is not carried out (in the non-performance, if not done, in the absence of action)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

• कार्यस्य (kāryasya) - of that instruction/duty (of the action, of the duty)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - (your) son Duryodhana (son)

• ते (te) - your (son) (your, of you)

• शप्स्यते (śapsyate) - he will curse (he will curse, he will abuse)

• रुषा (ruṣā) - with anger (with anger, out of rage)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - he should say (he should say, he may say)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of brū

Optative Active

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice. Root brū (√brū).

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Expresses recommendation or possibility.

यत् (yat) - whatever (what, which, that (relative pronoun/conjunction))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun); if, because (conjunction)

Note: Connects with 'tat kāryam'.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (Maitreya) (this (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Subject of 'brūyāt'.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king of kings, O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, best of kings, paramount ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra (chief deity), chief, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

तत् (tat) - that (instruction) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

Note: Correlative to 'yat', refers to what is said.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done, duty (to be done, proper action, duty)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, to be made, proper action, duty, task

Gerundive (karmaṇi prayoga)

Gerundive from root kṛ (√kṛ), meaning 'that which should be done'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative.

अविशङ्कया (aviśaṅkayā) - without hesitation (without doubt, without hesitation, fearlessly)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of aviśaṅkā

aviśaṅkā - absence of doubt, fearlessness, certainty

Formed from 'a' (negation) + 'viśaṅkā' (doubt, fear).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+viśaṅkā)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• viśaṅkā – doubt, suspicion, fear
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śaṅk (class 1)

Note: Indicates manner.

अक्रियायाम् (akriyāyām) - if (his instruction) is not carried out (in the non-performance, if not done, in the absence of action)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of akriyā

akriyā - non-action, inactivity, non-performance, bad action

Formed from 'a' (negation) + 'kriyā' (action).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+kriyā)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• kriyā – action, performance, ritual
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Conditional sense ('if not done').

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

कार्यस्य (kāryasya) - of that instruction/duty (of the action, of the duty)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, proper action, duty, task

Gerundive (karmaṇi prayoga)

Gerundive from root kṛ (√kṛ), meaning 'that which should be done'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'akriyāyām' (non-performance *of* the duty).

पुत्रम् (putram) - (your) son Duryodhana (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Object of 'śapsyate'.

ते (te) - your (son) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular/plural)

Note: Possessive pronoun, refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

शप्स्यते (śapsyate) - he will curse (he will curse, he will abuse)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of śap

Future Middle

Future tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada). Root śap (√śap).

Root: śap (class 1)

Note: The middle voice can imply the action is for one's own sake or affecting oneself.

रुषा (ruṣā) - with anger (with anger, out of rage)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ruṣ

ruṣ - anger, wrath, rage

Note: Indicates cause or manner.

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