महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-11, verse-31

स कोपवशमापन्नो मैत्रेयो मुनिसत्तमः ।
विधिना संप्रयुक्तश्च शापायास्य मनो दधे ॥३१॥

31. sa kopavaśamāpanno maitreyo munisattamaḥ ,
vidhinā saṁprayuktaśca śāpāyāsya mano dadhe.

31. saḥ kopavaśam āpannaḥ maitreyaḥ munisattamaḥ
vidhinā samprayuktaḥ ca śāpāya asya manaḥ dadhe

31. That Maitreya, the foremost among sages, having fallen under the sway of anger and also impelled by fate, set his mind on cursing him.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - That Maitreya (he, that one)

• कोपवशम् (kopavaśam) - the sway of anger, control of anger

• आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having fallen under the sway of anger (having fallen into, having attained, seized by)

• मैत्रेयः (maitreyaḥ) - Maitreya

• मुनिसत्तमः (munisattamaḥ) - best of sages, foremost among sages

• विधिना (vidhinā) - by fate or destiny (by fate, by divine ordinance, by method)

• सम्प्रयुक्तः (samprayuktaḥ) - impelled by fate (impelled, endowed, connected)

• च (ca) - and

• शापाय (śāpāya) - for a curse, for cursing

• अस्य (asya) - of Duryodhana (of him, his)

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intention

• दधे (dadhe) - he set his mind, he resolved (he placed, he held, he resolved)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - That Maitreya (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कोपवशम् (kopavaśam) - the sway of anger, control of anger

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kopavaśa

kopavaśa - sway of anger, power of anger

Compound type : tatpurusha (kopa+vaśa)

• kopa – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
• vaśa – sway, control, power
  noun (masculine)

आपन्नः (āpannaḥ) - having fallen under the sway of anger (having fallen into, having attained, seized by)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āpanna

āpanna - fallen into, having attained, overcome by

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √pad (to go, fall) with prefix 'ā-'.

Prefix: ā

Root: √pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with Maitreya.

मैत्रेयः (maitreyaḥ) - Maitreya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maitreya

maitreya - Maitreya (name of a sage)

मुनिसत्तमः (munisattamaḥ) - best of sages, foremost among sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of munisattama

munisattama - best of sages, excellent sage

Compound type : tatpurusha (muni+sattama)

• muni – sage, ascetic
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with Maitreya.

विधिना (vidhinā) - by fate or destiny (by fate, by divine ordinance, by method)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - fate, destiny, rule, ordinance, method, creation

सम्प्रयुक्तः (samprayuktaḥ) - impelled by fate (impelled, endowed, connected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samprayukta

samprayukta - joined, connected, endowed with, impelled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √yuj (to join, connect) with prefixes 'sam-' and 'pra-'.

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: √yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with Maitreya.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शापाय (śāpāya) - for a curse, for cursing

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse, imprecation

अस्य (asya) - of Duryodhana (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intention

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, intention

दधे (dadhe) - he set his mind, he resolved (he placed, he held, he resolved)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (Lit) of √dhā

Root: √dhā (class 3)

Note: Perfect tense, Atmanepada form.