महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-11, verse-3

यदि त्वहमनुग्राह्यः कौरवेषु दया यदि ।
अनुशाधि दुरात्मानं पुत्रं दुर्योधनं मम ॥३॥

3. yadi tvahamanugrāhyaḥ kauraveṣu dayā yadi ,
anuśādhi durātmānaṁ putraṁ duryodhanaṁ mama.

3. yadi tu aham anugrāhyaḥ kauraveṣu dayā yadi
anuśādhi durātmānam putram duryodhanam mama

3. However, if I am to be favored, and if there is compassion for the Kauravas, then please instruct my wicked-souled son Duryodhana.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if

• तु (tu) - but, however

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अनुग्राह्यः (anugrāhyaḥ) - to be favored, worthy of grace, deserving of compassion

• कौरवेषु (kauraveṣu) - among the Kauravas, towards the Kauravas

• दया (dayā) - compassion, pity, mercy

• यदि (yadi) - if

• अनुशाधि (anuśādhi) - instruct, command, discipline

• दुरात्मानम् (durātmānam) - the wicked-souled, the evil-minded

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana

• मम (mama) - my

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, however

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

nominative singular of asmad

अनुग्राह्यः (anugrāhyaḥ) - to be favored, worthy of grace, deserving of compassion

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anugrāhya

anugrāhya - to be favored, to be shown grace, worthy of compassion

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

`anu` (prefix) + `grah` (root) + `ya` (suffix for gerundive)

Prefix: anu

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Expresses obligation or suitability.

कौरवेषु (kauraveṣu) - among the Kauravas, towards the Kauravas

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava

दया (dayā) - compassion, pity, mercy

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dayā

dayā - compassion, pity, mercy

From root day (to show pity)

Root: day (class 1)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

अनुशाधि (anuśādhi) - instruct, command, discipline

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of anuśās

`anu` (prefix) + `śās` (root) + `dhi` (2nd sg. imperative active ending). The root `śās` often takes `dh` in the imperative 2nd singular.

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

दुरात्मानम् (durātmānam) - the wicked-souled, the evil-minded

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - wicked-souled, evil-minded, vile person

`dur` (bad, difficult) + `ātman` (self, soul)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+ātman)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  prefix
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective used substantively here, referring to Duryodhana.

पुत्रम् (putram) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: In apposition to Duryodhana.

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

`dur` (bad, difficult) + `yodhana` (fighter, warrior)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
  prefix
• yodhana – fighter, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  from root yudh (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

मम (mama) - my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I

genitive singular of asmad