महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-11, verse-13

तत्राश्रौषं महाराज पुत्राणां तव विभ्रमम् ।
अनयं द्यूतरूपेण महापायमुपस्थितम् ॥१३॥

13. tatrāśrauṣaṁ mahārāja putrāṇāṁ tava vibhramam ,
anayaṁ dyūtarūpeṇa mahāpāyamupasthitam.

13. tatra aśrauṣam mahārāja putrāṇām tava vibhramam
anayam dyūtarūpeṇa mahāpāyam upasthitam

13. O great king, it was there that I heard about your sons' misbehavior and the great danger that had arisen in the form of gambling.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of the sons

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• विभ्रमम् (vibhramam) - misbehavior (confusion, error, misbehavior, misfortune)

• अनयम् (anayam) - misconduct (misconduct, bad policy, impropriety)

• द्यूतरूपेण (dyūtarūpeṇa) - in the form of gambling

• महापायम् (mahāpāyam) - a great danger, a great misfortune

• उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - arisen, present, manifested, occurred

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of śru

Aorist Active

Aorist form (Luṅ) of verb root √śru

Root: śru (class 5)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of the sons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

विभ्रमम् (vibhramam) - misbehavior (confusion, error, misbehavior, misfortune)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vibhrama

vibhrama - wandering, confusion, error, disarray, misbehavior

From verb root √bhram 'to wander' with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: bhram (class 1)

अनयम् (anayam) - misconduct (misconduct, bad policy, impropriety)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anaya

anaya - misconduct, bad policy, impropriety, misfortune

Negative compound of 'naya' (right conduct)

द्यूतरूपेण (dyūtarūpeṇa) - in the form of gambling

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dyūtarūpa

dyūtarūpa - form of gambling

Compound type : tatpurusha (dyūta+rūpa)

• dyūta – gambling, dice-play
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √div 'to play'
  Root: div (class 4)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

महापायम् (mahāpāyam) - a great danger, a great misfortune

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāpāya

mahāpāya - great danger, great misfortune

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+apāya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• apāya – danger, risk, loss, misfortune
  noun (masculine)
  From verb root √i 'to go' with prefix apā-
  Prefix: apā
  Root: i (class 2)

उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - arisen, present, manifested, occurred

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, standing near, approached, arisen

Past Passive Participle

From verb root √sthā 'to stand' with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)