महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-11, verse-13

तत्राश्रौषं महाराज पुत्राणां तव विभ्रमम् ।
अनयं द्यूतरूपेण महापायमुपस्थितम् ॥१३॥

13. tatrāśrauṣaṁ mahārāja putrāṇāṁ tava vibhramam ,
anayaṁ dyūtarūpeṇa mahāpāyamupasthitam.

13. tatra aśrauṣam mahārāja putrāṇām tava vibhramam
anayam dyūtarūpeṇa mahāpāyam upasthitam

13. O great king, it was there that I heard about your sons' misbehavior and the great danger that had arisen in the form of gambling.

13. שם שמעתי, הו מלך גדול, על תעתועי בניך ועל העוול שבא עליהם בדמות משחק הקוביות, אסון גדול.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of the sons

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• विभ्रमम् (vibhramam) - misbehavior (confusion, error, misbehavior, misfortune)

• अनयम् (anayam) - misconduct (misconduct, bad policy, impropriety)

• द्यूतरूपेण (dyūtarūpeṇa) - in the form of gambling

• महापायम् (mahāpāyam) - a great danger, a great misfortune

• उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - arisen, present, manifested, occurred

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

अश्रौषम् (aśrauṣam) - I heard

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of śru

Aorist Active

Aorist form (Luṅ) of verb root √śru

Root: śru (class 5)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of the sons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

विभ्रमम् (vibhramam) - misbehavior (confusion, error, misbehavior, misfortune)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vibhrama

vibhrama - wandering, confusion, error, disarray, misbehavior

From verb root √bhram 'to wander' with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: bhram (class 1)

अनयम् (anayam) - misconduct (misconduct, bad policy, impropriety)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anaya

anaya - misconduct, bad policy, impropriety, misfortune

Negative compound of 'naya' (right conduct)

द्यूतरूपेण (dyūtarūpeṇa) - in the form of gambling

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dyūtarūpa

dyūtarūpa - form of gambling

Compound type : tatpurusha (dyūta+rūpa)

• dyūta – gambling, dice-play
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √div 'to play'
  Root: div (class 4)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

महापायम् (mahāpāyam) - a great danger, a great misfortune

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāpāya

mahāpāya - great danger, great misfortune

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+apāya)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• apāya – danger, risk, loss, misfortune
  noun (masculine)
  From verb root √i 'to go' with prefix apā-
  Prefix: apā
  Root: i (class 2)

उपस्थितम् (upasthitam) - arisen, present, manifested, occurred

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, standing near, approached, arisen

Past Passive Participle

From verb root √sthā 'to stand' with prefix upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

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