महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-90, verse-46

वैखानसानां वचनमृषीणां श्रूयते नृप ।
दूरादेव परीक्षेत ब्राह्मणान्वेदपारगान् ।
प्रियान्वा यदि वा द्वेष्यांस्तेषु तच्छ्राद्धमावपेत् ॥४६॥

46. vaikhānasānāṁ vacanamṛṣīṇāṁ śrūyate nṛpa ,
dūrādeva parīkṣeta brāhmaṇānvedapāragān ,
priyānvā yadi vā dveṣyāṁsteṣu tacchrāddhamāvapet.

46. vaikhānasānām vacanam ṛṣīṇām śrūyate
nṛpa dūrāt eva parīkṣeta
brāhmaṇān veda-pāragān priyān vā yadi
vā dveṣyān teṣu tat śrāddham āvapet

46. nṛpa vaikhānasānām ṛṣīṇām vacanam
śrūyate dūrāt eva veda-pāragān
brāhmaṇān parīkṣeta priyān vā yadi
vā dveṣyān teṣu tat śrāddham āvapet

46. O king, the saying of the Vaikhānasa forest hermits (muni) and sages (ṛṣi) is heard: one should examine brahmins who have mastered the Vedas from a distance. Whether they are agreeable or disagreeable, one should offer that ancestral rite (śrāddha) to them.

Words meanings summery:

• वैखानसानाम् (vaikhānasānām) - of the Vaikhānasa forest hermits (muni) (of the Vaikhānasa (a class of forest ascetics))

• वचनम् (vacanam) - the teaching or saying (word, saying, statement)

• ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - of the sages, of the seers

• श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is known or reported (is heard, is listened to)

• नृप (nṛpa) - direct address to the king (O king, O ruler)

• दूरात् (dūrāt) - from afar, from a distance

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, very

• परीक्षेत (parīkṣeta) - one should examine, one should investigate

• ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - brahmins, members of the priestly class

• वेद-पारगान् (veda-pāragān) - brahmins who are thoroughly conversant with Vedic knowledge (those who have mastered the Vedas, skilled in the Vedas)

• प्रियान् (priyān) - brahmins who are considered friends or are agreeable (dear ones, beloved ones, agreeable ones)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• यदि (yadi) - if, whether

• वा (vā) - or, either

• द्वेष्यान् (dveṣyān) - brahmins who are disliked or disagreeable (hateful ones, disliked ones, enemies)

• तेषु (teṣu) - to those brahmins (dear or hateful) (in them, to them)

• तत् (tat) - that specific ancestral rite (śrāddha) (that, this)

• श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - ancestral rite, funeral ceremony

• आवपेत् (āvapet) - one should perform the offering of the ancestral rite (one should offer, one should pour)

Words meanings and morphology

वैखानसानाम् (vaikhānasānām) - of the Vaikhānasa forest hermits (muni) (of the Vaikhānasa (a class of forest ascetics))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vaikhānasa

vaikhānasa - a forest hermit, an ascetic living in the forest, one of a particular school of ascetics

वचनम् (vacanam) - the teaching or saying (word, saying, statement)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, saying, statement

Root: vac (class 2)

ऋषीणाम् (ṛṣīṇām) - of the sages, of the seers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ (class 4)

श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is known or reported (is heard, is listened to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

नृप (nṛpa) - direct address to the king (O king, O ruler)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (lit. 'protector of men')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

दूरात् (dūrāt) - from afar, from a distance

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dūra

dūra - far, distant, distance

एव (eva) - indeed, only, very

(indeclinable)

परीक्षेत (parīkṣeta) - one should examine, one should investigate

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pari-īkṣ

Prefix: pari

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

ब्राह्मणान् (brāhmaṇān) - brahmins, members of the priestly class

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - brahmin, priestly class member

वेद-पारगान् (veda-pāragān) - brahmins who are thoroughly conversant with Vedic knowledge (those who have mastered the Vedas, skilled in the Vedas)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of veda-pāraga

veda-pāraga - one who has crossed over the Vedas, mastered the Vedas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (veda+pāraga)

• veda – Veda, sacred knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• pāraga – going to the other side, having reached the end, skilled in, master of
  adjective (masculine)
  From pāra (other side) + gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

प्रियान् (priyān) - brahmins who are considered friends or are agreeable (dear ones, beloved ones, agreeable ones)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of priya

priya - dear, beloved, agreeable, pleasing, friend

Root: prī (class 9)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

यदि (yadi) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

द्वेष्यान् (dveṣyān) - brahmins who are disliked or disagreeable (hateful ones, disliked ones, enemies)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dveṣya

dveṣya - hateful, odious, to be hated, enemy

Gerundive

From root dviṣ with suffix -ya

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

तेषु (teṣu) - to those brahmins (dear or hateful) (in them, to them)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

तत् (tat) - that specific ancestral rite (śrāddha) (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - ancestral rite, funeral ceremony

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śrāddha

śrāddha - ancestral rite, funeral ceremony, faith

आवपेत् (āvapet) - one should perform the offering of the ancestral rite (one should offer, one should pour)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of ā-vap

Prefix: ā

Root: vap (class 1)