महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-90, verse-36

तस्मान्मित्रं श्राद्धकृन्नाद्रियेत दद्यान्मित्रेभ्यः संग्रहार्थं धनानि ।
यं मन्यते नैव शत्रुं न मित्रं तं मध्यस्थं भोजयेद्धव्यकव्ये ॥३६॥

36. tasmānmitraṁ śrāddhakṛnnādriyeta; dadyānmitrebhyaḥ saṁgrahārthaṁ dhanāni ,
yaṁ manyate naiva śatruṁ na mitraṁ; taṁ madhyasthaṁ bhojayeddhavyakavye.

36. tasmāt mitram śrāddhakṛt na ādriyeta
dadyāt mitrebhyaḥ saṅgrahārtham dhanāni
| yam manyate na eva śatrum na mitram
tam madhyastham bhojayet havya kavye

36. tasmāt śrāddhakṛt mitram na ādriyeta
mitrebhyaḥ saṅgrahārtham dhanāni dadyāt
yam śatrum na eva mitram na manyate
tam madhyastham havya kavye bhojayet

36. Therefore, the performer of a śrāddha (ancestral ritual) should not show special regard to a friend (as a guest). Instead, one should give wealth to friends for their support. One should feed in the ritual offerings (havya and kavya) that neutral person whom one considers neither an enemy nor a close friend.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, hence

• मित्रम् (mitram) - a friend as a guest for the ritual (friend)

• श्राद्धकृत् (śrāddhakṛt) - performer of a śrāddha

• न (na) - not

• आद्रियेत (ādriyeta) - should honor, should respect, should show regard

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give, may give

• मित्रेभ्यः (mitrebhyaḥ) - to friends, for friends

• सङ्ग्रहार्थम् (saṅgrahārtham) - for the purpose of collection, for support, for acquisition

• धनानि (dhanāni) - wealth, riches, treasures

• यम् (yam) - whom, which

• मन्यते (manyate) - considers, thinks, believes

• न (na) - not

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, exactly

• शत्रुम् (śatrum) - enemy

• न (na) - not

• मित्रम् (mitram) - friend

• तम् (tam) - that (person), him

• मध्यस्थम् (madhyastham) - neutral, impartial, mediator

• भोजयेत् (bhojayet) - should feed, should cause to eat

• हव्य (havya) - in the offering to gods, in the oblation to gods

• कव्ये (kavye) - in the offering to ancestors, in the ancestral offering

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, hence

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an adverbial ablative.

मित्रम् (mitram) - a friend as a guest for the ritual (friend)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, sun

श्राद्धकृत् (śrāddhakṛt) - performer of a śrāddha

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrāddhakṛt

śrāddhakṛt - one who performs śrāddha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śrāddha+kṛt)

• śrāddha – ancestral ritual, offering for ancestors
  noun (neuter)
• kṛt – doer, maker, performer
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आद्रियेत (ādriyeta) - should honor, should respect, should show regard

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of ādṛ

Prefix: ā

Root: dṛ (class 1)

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give, may give

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

मित्रेभ्यः (mitrebhyaḥ) - to friends, for friends

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, sun

सङ्ग्रहार्थम् (saṅgrahārtham) - for the purpose of collection, for support, for acquisition

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṅgrahārtha

saṅgrahārtha - for the purpose of collection, for gathering, for acquisition

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṅgraha+artha)

• saṅgraha – collection, accumulation, summary, support
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root grah with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: grah (class 9)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'for the sake of collection'.

धनानि (dhanāni) - wealth, riches, treasures

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dhana

dhana - wealth, property, riches, money

यम् (yam) - whom, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whoever

मन्यते (manyate) - considers, thinks, believes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of man

Root: man (class 4)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, exactly

(indeclinable)

शत्रुम् (śatrum) - enemy

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

मित्रम् (mitram) - friend

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, sun

तम् (tam) - that (person), him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मध्यस्थम् (madhyastham) - neutral, impartial, mediator

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of madhyastha

madhyastha - standing in the middle, neutral, impartial, arbitrator

Compound 'madhya' (middle) + 'stha' (standing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhya+stha)

• madhya – middle, center
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sthā
  Root: sthā (class 1)

भोजयेत् (bhojayet) - should feed, should cause to eat

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhuj

Causative verb

Causative stem bhojay- from root bhuj

Root: bhuj (class 7)

हव्य (havya) - in the offering to gods, in the oblation to gods

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of havya

havya - oblation, offering to gods, sacrificial food

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle from root hu

Root: hu (class 3)

कव्ये (kavye) - in the offering to ancestors, in the ancestral offering

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kavya

kavya - offering to ancestors, ancestral food