महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-90, verse-30

क्रोशादर्धतृतीयात्तु पावयेदेक एव हि ।
ब्रह्मदेयानुसंतान इति ब्रह्मविदो विदुः ॥३०॥

30. krośādardhatṛtīyāttu pāvayedeka eva hi ,
brahmadeyānusaṁtāna iti brahmavido viduḥ.

30. krośāt ardhatṛtīyāt tu pāvayeta ekaḥ eva hi
brahmadeyānusaṃtānaḥ iti brahmavidaḥ viduḥ

30. ekaḥ eva hi krośāt ardhatṛtīyāt tu pāvayeta
brahmadeyānusaṃtānaḥ iti brahmavidaḥ viduḥ

30. Indeed, just one (such person) could purify (an area extending) for two and a half krośas. Those who know the ultimate reality (brahman) understand him to be a continuation of Brahmā's gift.

Words meanings summery:

• क्रोशात् (krośāt) - (from a distance) of a krośa (from a krośa, a krośa (distance))

• अर्धतृतीयात् (ardhatṛtīyāt) - (from) two and a half (from two and a half)

• तु (tu) - indeed, then (but, indeed, yet)

• पावयेत (pāvayeta) - he would purify (is capable of purifying) (he should purify, he would purify)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - a single (such person) (one, a single)

• एव (eva) - just, only (only, just, indeed)

• हि (hi) - indeed (for, indeed, because)

• ब्रह्मदेयानुसंतानः (brahmadeyānusaṁtānaḥ) - a continuation of a gift from Brahmā (the creator deity) (continuation of a gift from Brahman/Brahmā)

• इति (iti) - thus (they say/know him to be) (thus, so, in this manner)

• ब्रह्मविदः (brahmavidaḥ) - those who know the supreme reality (brahman) (knowers of Brahman, theologians)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know (him to be) (they know, they understand)

Words meanings and morphology

क्रोशात् (krośāt) - (from a distance) of a krośa (from a krośa, a krośa (distance))

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of krośa

krośa - a measure of distance (approx. 2 miles or 3.2 km); a call, shout

Note: Used to indicate 'up to' or 'for a distance of'.

अर्धतृतीयात् (ardhatṛtīyāt) - (from) two and a half (from two and a half)

(numeral)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ardha+tṛtīya)

• ardha – half, part
  noun (neuter)
• tṛtīya – third
  numeral/adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'krośāt'.

तु (tu) - indeed, then (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle used for emphasis or slight contrast/continuation.

पावयेत (pāvayeta) - he would purify (is capable of purifying) (he should purify, he would purify)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pū

Optative

3rd person singular, active voice (causative stem pū-ay-a).

Root: pū (class 9)

एकः (ekaḥ) - a single (such person) (one, a single)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone

Note: Nominative singular masculine.

एव (eva) - just, only (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

हि (hi) - indeed (for, indeed, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

ब्रह्मदेयानुसंतानः (brahmadeyānusaṁtānaḥ) - a continuation of a gift from Brahmā (the creator deity) (continuation of a gift from Brahman/Brahmā)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahmadeyānusaṃtāna

brahmadeyānusaṁtāna - continuation of a gift (given) by Brahmā

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (brahmadeya+anusaṃtāna)

• brahmadeya – gift for a Brahmin, gift from Brahmā
  noun (neuter)
• anusaṃtāna – continuation, unbroken succession, offspring
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'tan' (to stretch) with prefixes 'anu' and 'sam'.
  Prefixes: anu+sam
  Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Nominative singular masculine.

इति (iti) - thus (they say/know him to be) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces or closes a quote or reported thought.

ब्रह्मविदः (brahmavidaḥ) - those who know the supreme reality (brahman) (knowers of Brahman, theologians)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brahmavid

brahmavid - knower of Brahman, theologian

agent noun

Compound of 'brahman' (Brahman) and 'vid' (knower).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (brahman+vid)

• brahman – the Absolute, the supreme reality, sacred utterance, Brahmā
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root 'vid' (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Nominative plural masculine.

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know (him to be) (they know, they understand)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vid

Perfect Indicative

3rd person plural, active voice. Root 'vid'.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: A peculiar perfect form sometimes used with present meaning.