महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-90, verse-35

यश्च श्राद्धे कुरुते संगतानि न देवयानेन पथा स याति ।
स वै मुक्तः पिप्पलं बन्धनाद्वा स्वर्गाल्लोकाच्च्यवते श्राद्धमित्रः ॥३५॥

35. yaśca śrāddhe kurute saṁgatāni; na devayānena pathā sa yāti ,
sa vai muktaḥ pippalaṁ bandhanādvā; svargāllokāccyavate śrāddhamitraḥ.

35. yaḥ ca śrāddhe kurute saṅgatāni na
devayānena pathā saḥ yāti | saḥ
vai muktaḥ pippalam bandhanāt vā
svargāt lokāt cyavate śrāddhamitraḥ

35. yaḥ ca śrāddhe saṅgatāni kurute
saḥ devayānena pathā na yāti saḥ
śrāddhamitraḥ vai bandhanāt muktaḥ
pippalam vā svargāt lokāt cyavate

35. Whoever organizes social gatherings during a śrāddha (ancestral ritual) does not travel on the path of the gods (devayāna). Indeed, such a person, who treats friends as śrāddha guests, is deprived of the fruit (pippala) of liberation from bondage and falls from the heavenly worlds.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever, which one

• च (ca) - and, also

• श्राद्धे (śrāddhe) - in the śrāddha ritual, during the ancestral offering

• कुरुते (kurute) - performs, makes, does

• सङ्गतानि (saṅgatāni) - gatherings, meetings, social events

• न (na) - not

• देवयानेन (devayānena) - by the path of the gods

• पथा (pathā) - by the path, by the road

• सः (saḥ) - he, that person

• याति (yāti) - goes, proceeds, travels

• सः (saḥ) - he, that person

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• मुक्तः (muktaḥ) - deprived of (freed, liberated, released)

• पिप्पलम् (pippalam) - the benefit or fruit of the śrāddha ritual, which is liberation (fruit, berry, consequence)

• बन्धनात् (bandhanāt) - from bondage, from confinement, from fetters

• वा (vā) - or, either

• स्वर्गात् (svargāt) - from heaven, from the celestial world

• लोकात् (lokāt) - from the world, from the realm

• च्यवते (cyavate) - falls, deviates, is removed

• श्राद्धमित्रः (śrāddhamitraḥ) - one whose friends are at a śrāddha; one who makes friends as guests at a śrāddha

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - whoever, which one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whoever

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

श्राद्धे (śrāddhe) - in the śrāddha ritual, during the ancestral offering

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śrāddha

śrāddha - ancestral ritual, offering for ancestors, faith

कुरुते (kurute) - performs, makes, does

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सङ्गतानि (saṅgatāni) - gatherings, meetings, social events

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of saṅgata

saṅgata - met, joined, associated; a gathering

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

देवयानेन (devayānena) - by the path of the gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of devayāna

devayāna - path of the gods, divine vehicle

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+yāna)

• deva – god, divine being
  noun (masculine)
• yāna – path, vehicle, going
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yā (class 2)

पथा (pathā) - by the path, by the road

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of path

path - path, road, way

सः (saḥ) - he, that person

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

याति (yāti) - goes, proceeds, travels

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

सः (saḥ) - he, that person

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

मुक्तः (muktaḥ) - deprived of (freed, liberated, released)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mukta

mukta - freed, liberated, released

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root muc

Root: muc (class 6)

पिप्पलम् (pippalam) - the benefit or fruit of the śrāddha ritual, which is liberation (fruit, berry, consequence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pippala

pippala - berry, fruit, fig tree, consequence, result

बन्धनात् (bandhanāt) - from bondage, from confinement, from fetters

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bandhana

bandhana - bondage, fetter, tying, imprisonment

Derived from the root bandh

Root: bandh (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

स्वर्गात् (svargāt) - from heaven, from the celestial world

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial abode, paradise

लोकात् (lokāt) - from the world, from the realm

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, division of the universe

च्यवते (cyavate) - falls, deviates, is removed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of cyu

Root: cyu (class 1)

श्राद्धमित्रः (śrāddhamitraḥ) - one whose friends are at a śrāddha; one who makes friends as guests at a śrāddha

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrāddhamitra

śrāddhamitra - one who has friends attending a śrāddha

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śrāddha+mitra)

• śrāddha – ancestral ritual, offering for ancestors
  noun (neuter)
• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)

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